英文视频｜尺桡骨解剖及重点词汇

中英双字幕版视频(选中以下链接,搜索之后即可查看)

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1xL4y1G7Mz/

机器翻译字幕，仅供参考：

i'm going to talk about the radius and

我将讨论桡骨和

alma and answer the questions

alma 并回答问题

what are the radius and ulna bones what

什么是桡骨和尺骨 什么

are their primary bony landmarks

是它们的主要骨骼标志

and what are some reasons to learn about

以及了解它们的一些原因

them hello everyone my name is dr morton

大家好，我的名字是 morton 博士

and i am the noted anatomist to begin

，我是著名的解剖学家

with the radius and ulna form the

从桡骨和尺骨开始形成前臂的

principal bones of the forearm they articulate

前臂的主要骨骼，它们

proximally with the humerus at the elbow

在肘关节处与肱骨近端

joint

关节

with the primary articulation being with

，主要关节

the ulna and humerus

是尺骨和肱骨

and then distally the radius and ulna

，然后桡骨和尺骨远端

articulate with the carpals or the wrist

与腕骨或腕骨

bones and the radius forms the dominant

关节， 半径形成

role of articulation with the wrist

与手腕关节的主要作用

these are the radial and the ulnar

这些是我将在本教程中介绍的桡骨和尺骨

landmarks that were that i'm going to

标志，

cover in this tutorial and let's start

让我们从

with the radius

半径开始，

the radius is the lateral bone of the

半径是前臂的外侧骨

forearm the way that i find that in

，我的方式 发现在

surface anatomy is

表面解剖学中

someone says hey you are rad and they

有人说嘿，你是 rad，他们

give you the thumbs up

给你竖起大拇指，

the radius is on the rad thumb side

半径在 rad 拇指一侧，

so it doesn't matter how you move the

所以不管你如何移动

wrist and forearm

手腕和 d 前臂

you find the thumb the radius you find

您找到拇指 半径 您

the radius so in case of a patient or

找到半径 因此，如果是患者或

arm it's easier to find if their

手臂，则更容易找到他们的

arms twisted anywho next one is on the

手臂是否扭曲 下一个在

radius what do we call this proximal

半径上 我们称之为近端

landmark and it's smooth and stone shape

地标，它是光滑的石头

at the top

形状 顶部

i know we'll call it the head of the

我知道我们将其称为桡骨的头部，

radius which forms a synovial pivot

它与尺骨形成滑膜枢轴

joint

关节

with the ulna as we see in this

，正如我们在此

illustration

插图中

look when you go pronation supination

看到的那样，当您进行旋前旋后

pronation supination

旋前旋后时

it's a lot easier to see actually when

，实际上当

you do the surface anatomy

您进行表面解剖

as shown here and if we zoom in to see

时更容易看到 此处显示，如果我们放大以查看

the head

of the radius it is anchored within the

桡骨的头部，它通过

radius

of the ulna and the humerus by this

joint capsule of dense collagenous

致密的胶原结缔组织的关节囊

connective tissue if i do a little step

dissection

you see this one that's in a pink color

锚定在尺骨和肱骨的半径内 颜色

or purple if you will it forms this

或紫色，如果你愿意的话，它形成了这个

annular ligament

环形韧带，

this one part of the joint capsule and

这是关节囊的一部分，

it gets its name because it forms a ring

它之所以得名，是因为它

around that head and it keeps the head

在头部周围形成一个环，它使头部

anchored(/ˈæŋkər/锚) into the ulna

固定在尺骨中，

i also show this articulophobia because

我也展示了这个 ar ticulophobia 因为

that's the part that

那是

pushes up and articulates with the

向上推并与

capitulum of the humerus

肱骨小头关节连接的部分

all right there's the head of the radius

好吧 就是桡骨头

now this one

现在这个

anatomy said what do we call this part

解剖学说我们把这部分叫做什么

below the head i know

头部

the neck of the radius and what about

下方我知道桡骨的颈部 这个怎么样

this one it's a bump it's a swelling on

这是一个肿块 它是桡骨上的肿胀

the radius

i know we'll call it the radial

我知道我们将其称为桡

tuberosity for bump

骨肿块

tuberosity on the radius and it has a

的桡骨结节，它具有

special

特殊

function because the radial tuberosity

功能，因为桡骨结节

serves as the insertion for the biceps brachii muscle

用作肱二头肌的插入

next is this one anatomist said what do

下一个解剖学家说 我们怎么

we call this thing that looks like the

称呼这个看起来

tip of a pen

像笔尖的东西

i know we'll call it the tip of a pen

我知道我们会称它为

the styloid process

笔尖 茎突

and the styloid process serves as an

和茎突充当

attachment for the brachioradialis

肱桡

muscle next is

肌的附件 接下来是

there is this crest on the radius and

桡骨上有这个嵴

actually on the ulna as well between

实际上在这两个骨头之间的尺骨上

these two bones

and so they call this the interosseous

，所以他们称之为骨之间的骨间

crest

嵴

between the osseous the bones this crest

，骨头之间的

which serves as the attachment for the

嵴作为

interosseous membrane and this

骨间膜的附件 雷恩和这个

interosseous membrane

骨间膜将桡骨和骨间膜

tethers and bridges and knits the radius

系在一起、桥接

and alma together making this

和编织在一起，形成了这个

syndismosis fibrous joint

纤维联合

and if we take a cross-section through

，如果我们像这样对前臂进行横截面

the forearm like this

and focus in this area there's the

并聚焦在这个区域

radius and

ulna and that is the interosseous

，那就是桡骨和尺骨，这就是骨间

membrane that's between the two and so

膜 在这两者之间，所以

anatomists use this landmark

解剖学家使用这个地标

to describe okay this interosseous

来描述好吧，这个骨间

membrane

膜

bridges these two bones together but it

将这两个骨头桥接在一起，但它

also is used for

也用于

naming structures like the anterior

命名结构，如

interosseous and posterior interosseous

骨间前动脉和骨间后

arteries and nerves

动脉以及现在与该膜

in their relation to in front of or

前后的关系的神经

behind this membrane

now let's go to the ulna now the ulna is

让我们看看尺骨，现在尺骨

the

medial bone of the forearm and i like to

是前臂的内侧骨，我喜欢

identify the ulna because the proximal

识别尺骨，因为

part looks like a u if you look

如果你从侧面看，近端部分看起来像 au，

laterally

hey it's a u u for ulna and

嘿，它是尺骨的 auu，

this proximal process is the part that

这个近端过程是形成肘部的部分，

forms the elbow so

所以

in greek elbow and process become

在希腊肘部和过程中变成

olecranon processor the head of the

鹰嘴处理器，肘部的头部

elbow is what it comes out to be

就是它

and the olecranon process is an

的样子，而鹰嘴 on process

attachment part for the triceps brachii

是肱三头肌的附着部分，从

in a sense it's the insertion for the

某种意义上说，它是肱三头肌的插入部分

triceps brachii and in landmark

，在里程碑式的意义中，

it's that bony prominence that you rest

它是

your elbows against

你将肘部

the desk next is this process that

靠在桌子上的那个骨头突出处，接下来是

anatomist said looked like a hook

解剖学家说的这个过程看起来像一个钩子

and because it looked like a hook that's

，因为它看起来 就像一个钩子，就是

the word coronoid so they called it the

冠突这个词，所以他们把它叫做

coronoid

冠

process and the coronoid process serves

突，冠突

as an insertion

作为肱肌的插入物

for the brachialis muscle that helps to

，有助于

flex the elbow

弯曲肘部，

this one is an atom has said what do we

这是一个原子说我们

call this

称之为什么这个

notch and this notch articulates with

缺口，这个缺口与

the trochlea on the humerus

肱骨上的滑车，

so we'll call it the trochlear notch and

所以我们称之为滑车切迹，

if we look at a lateral view of the

如果我们从右侧肘部的侧面看

right elbow and blow it up there is the

并将其炸开，就会

trochlea of the humerus and there is the

看到肱骨的

trochlear notch of the ulna

滑车和尺骨的滑车切迹，

and they come back together again and

然后它们又回来了 再次在一起，

that's where we get this flexion

这就是我们得到这个屈曲

extension flexion extension

伸展屈曲伸展的地方

and when you then go to the extension

，当你然后去伸展时

the olecranon process prevents

，鹰嘴过程可以防止

hyperextension

过度伸展，

as it goes that olecranon process

因为它去那个鹰嘴pr 过程

kind of goes snug as a bug in a rug into

有点像地毯上的虫子一样紧贴

the olecranon fossa on the back

of the humerus okay now let's do it

在肱骨背面的鹰嘴窝中，好吧，现在让我们再做

again except we're going to blow up from

一次，除了我们要

an anterior view that there is the

从前视图炸毁，那里有

trochlea which articulates with the

滑车与

trochlear notch on the ulna

滑车槽口相连 在

and there's the capitulum which then

尺骨上，有一个小头，然后

articulates with the radial head

与桡

all right then this one down at the

骨头相连，然后这个在

bottom they said this is the rounded

底部，他们说这

portion of the distal ulna

是远端尺骨的圆形部分，

i know we'll call it the ulnar head or

我知道我们称之为尺头或尺头

head of the ulna

and this is what allows there's the head

， 这就是允许

of the ulna and this is

尺骨头部的原因，这是

where the distal radius pivots during

在

pronation and supination and pronation

旋前和旋后以及旋前

and supination where that synovial pivot

和旋后期间桡骨远端枢转的地方，滑膜枢轴

joint occurs

关节

and to see it in surface anatomy we

发生在表面解剖学中，我们

actually need to pronate

实际上需要旋前

and there is that head of the alma the

并且有那个头 alma

ulnar head

尺头

and this last one it's a it's a pointy

和最后一个 它是一个尖锐的

process an animal said hey it looks like

过程 动物说嘿 它看起来

the tip of a pen

像笔尖

we'll call it the styloid process of the

我们称之为

ulna and this is where ligaments say the

尺骨的茎突 这是韧带说的地方

for example the ulnar collateral

例如手腕的尺侧副

ligament of the wrist and the radial

韧带和

ulnar ligaments attached to the styloid

附着在茎突上的桡侧尺骨韧带

process

don't forget that there's also a styloid

不要忘记还有

process of the radius and the styloid

桡骨的

process of the temporal bone

茎突和颞

all of them look pointed like let's do

骨的茎突它们看起来都很尖像让我们

a little bit of review i'm going to then

做一点 审查的时候，我会

give a question

提出一个问题

and then i'm going to go immediately

，然后我会

into the answer so if you want to test

立即回答，所以如果你想测试

yourself

自己，

just press the space bar to pause or

只需按空格键暂停或

just press pause on your phone

直接按手机上的暂停，

all right so first thing is this what

所以第一件事是 这是什么

bone is that

骨头

well it's on the medial side so that is

，它在内侧，所以这是

the

ulnar bone what about this what is that

尺骨，这个是什么

bony landmark well that's the radius

骨头标志，是桡骨

and it's proximal it's the bumper

，它是近端，是保险杠

swelling that's the radial tuberosity

肿胀，是二头肌插入的桡骨结节

where the biceps inserts

，

what about this one well that's on the

这个是什么？在

omelet because it's the other bone and

煎蛋卷上，因为它是另一块骨头，

it's the

它是

hook-like process that's the coronoid

钩状突起，是冠状

process that's where our brachialis

突，是我们的肱肌

attaches

附着的

what about this oh that's the proximal

地方，这个哦，那是你知道的近端

smooth

光滑

dome you know round portion of the

圆顶 ow

radius that's the head

桡骨的圆形部分 是桡骨的头部

of the radius the pivot synovial joint

枢轴滑膜关节

what about this landmark right there oh

那个地标在那里

that's that notch of the proximal ulna

that's in the trochlear

notch that's the trochlear notch because

it articulates with the trochlea of the

humerus

uh what about what bone is this right

怎么样 关于这里是什么骨头，

here well it's along the pinky side and

它沿着小指侧，

i can see the thumb side and it's not

我可以看到拇指侧，它不是

along the thumb side so that's the

沿着拇指侧，所以这就是

omelet

煎蛋卷

what about this one well that's a pointy

这个井怎么样，它

process on the radius

是半径上的一个尖突，

that's the styloid process of the radius

是半径的茎突

and what about

this thing here well that's that the the

这个东西怎么样呢，那

larger

superior portion of the trochlear notch

就是滑车槽口的较大部分，

it's a process that's the olecranon

这是一个鹰嘴过程

process

and that my friends is the radius and

，我的朋友简而言之就是半径和

alma

母体

in a nutshell

简而言之

Radius

• Head of radius

• Neck of radius

• Radial tuberosity

• Styloid process of radius

• Interosseous membrane

桡骨

•桡骨头

•桡骨颈

•桡骨（粗隆）结节

•桡骨茎突

•骨间膜

Ulna

• Olecranon process

• Coronoid process

•Trochlear notch

• Head of ulna

• Styloid process 

尺骨

•鹰嘴鹰嘴

•冠突

•滑车切迹

•尺骨头

•茎突

Prone

旋前

Supine

旋后

Articular fovea

关节窝