[进展和翻译]肾素的转录调节（综述）
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Brief Review
Transcriptional Regulation of Renin
An Update
[Abstract ] Renin, as a component of the renin-angiotensin system, plays important roles in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis, and mammalian renal development. Transcription of renin genes is subject to complex developmental and tissue-specific regulation. Progress has been made recently in elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in renin gene expression. Using mouse As4.1 cells, which have many features characteristic of the renin-expressing juxtaglomerular cells of kidney, a proximal promoter region (–197 to –50 bp) and an enhancer (–2866 to –2625 bp) have been identified in the mouse renin gene, Ren-1c, that are critical for its expression. The proximal promoter region contains at least 7 transcription factor-binding sites, including a binding site for the products of Hox, developmental control genes. The enhancer consists of at least 11 transcription factor-binding sites and is responsive to various signal transduction pathways, including cAMP, retinoic acid, endothelin-1, and cytokines, to alter renin mRNA levels. Sequence highly homologous to the mouse enhancer is also found in the human and rat renin genes. How these regulatory regions function in vivo will be the focus of future study. （Hypertension. 2005;45:3.)
Key Words: renin • transcription
肾素的转录调节
作为RAS系统在组成成分之一的肾素，在调节血压，维持电解质稳定和促进哺乳类动物的肾脏发育等发挥了重要的作用。肾素基因的转录受复杂的发生发育过程、组织特异性的调节。在肾素基因的表达方面，最近有关其分子机制的阐述已经得到了发展。采用As4.1老鼠细胞，其特征就是具有能够表达肾素的球旁细胞的特性，一个在近侧启动子区（-197至-50bp）和增强子（-2886至-2625bp）的基因已经在老鼠的基因上得到鉴定，就是Ren-1c, 他对于肾素的表达是重要的。在近侧启动子区至少有7个转录因子结合区域，其中包括产生Hox基因的结合区域，Hox是一种控制发育的基因。在增强子区至少有11个转录因子结合区域，主要是跟信号转导途径，包括cAMP ， 视黄酸，内皮素-1，和细胞因子等，他们可以改变肾素mRNA的水平。在人和老鼠的肾素基因上有高度同源的增强子序列。在体内这些调节区域的功能如何将是未来研究的热点。
An Update
[Abstract ] Renin, as a component of the renin-angiotensin system, plays important roles in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis, and mammalian renal development. Transcription of renin genes is subject to complex developmental and tissue-specific regulation. Progress has been made recently in elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in renin gene expression. Using mouse As4.1 cells, which have many features characteristic of the renin-expressing juxtaglomerular cells of kidney, a proximal promoter region (–197 to –50 bp) and an enhancer (–2866 to –2625 bp) have been identified in the mouse renin gene, Ren-1c, that are critical for its expression. The proximal promoter region contains at least 7 transcription factor-binding sites, including a binding site for the products of Hox, developmental control genes. The enhancer consists of at least 11 transcription factor-binding sites and is responsive to various signal transduction pathways, including cAMP, retinoic acid, endothelin-1, and cytokines, to alter renin mRNA levels. Sequence highly homologous to the mouse enhancer is also found in the human and rat renin genes. How these regulatory regions function in vivo will be the focus of future study. （Hypertension. 2005;45:3.)
Key Words: renin • transcription
作为RAS系统在组成成分之一的肾素，在调节血压，维持电解质稳定和促进哺乳类动物的肾脏发育等发挥了重要的作用。肾素基因的转录受复杂的发生发育过程、组织特异性的调节。在肾素基因的表达方面，最近有关其分子机制的阐述已经得到了发展。采用As4.1老鼠细胞，其特征就是具有能够表达肾素的球旁细胞的特性，一个在近侧启动子区（-197至-50bp）和增强子（-2886至-2625bp）的基因已经在老鼠的基因上得到鉴定，就是Ren-1c, 他对于肾素的表达是重要的。在近侧启动子区至少有7个转录因子结合区域，其中包括产生Hox基因的结合区域，Hox是一种控制发育的基因。在增强子区至少有11个转录因子结合区域，主要是跟信号转导途径，包括cAMP ， 视黄酸，内皮素-1，和细胞因子等，他们可以改变肾素mRNA的水平。在人和老鼠的肾素基因上有高度同源的增强子序列。在体内这些调节区域的功能如何将是未来研究的热点。
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