[图片]叶酸代谢及相关信号途径
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叶酸代谢及相关信号途径
This simplified figure illustrates the interconnectedness of folate
metabolism and proteins for which functional polymorphisms have been identified. Polymorphisms have been found that are
associated with pharmacogenetic outcomes in three key proteins in these pathways: the drug transporter protein reduced
folate carrier (RFC); the regulatory enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR); and the drug target thymidylate
synthase. Key enzymes are denoted as ovals, substrates as rectangles. Red ovals denote enzymes with genetic polymorphisms that have been investigated in pharmacogenetic studies. Orange ovals denote enzymes for which functional genetic polymorphisms have been described. 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamine ribonucleotide; AICARFT, AICAR formyltransferase; CBS, cystathionine-β-synthase; DHF, dihydrofolate; DHFR, DHF reductase; dTMP, deoxythymidine monophosphate; dUMP, deoxyuridine monophosphate; GAR, glycinamide ribonucleotide; GART, phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase; hFR, human folate receptor; MTX, methotrexate; SAH, S-adenosylhomocysteine; SAM, S-adenosylmethionine; SHMT, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; THF, tetrahydrofolate; X, various substrates for methylation.
This simplified figure illustrates the interconnectedness of folate
metabolism and proteins for which functional polymorphisms have been identified. Polymorphisms have been found that are
associated with pharmacogenetic outcomes in three key proteins in these pathways: the drug transporter protein reduced
folate carrier (RFC); the regulatory enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR); and the drug target thymidylate
synthase. Key enzymes are denoted as ovals, substrates as rectangles. Red ovals denote enzymes with genetic polymorphisms that have been investigated in pharmacogenetic studies. Orange ovals denote enzymes for which functional genetic polymorphisms have been described. 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamine ribonucleotide; AICARFT, AICAR formyltransferase; CBS, cystathionine-β-synthase; DHF, dihydrofolate; DHFR, DHF reductase; dTMP, deoxythymidine monophosphate; dUMP, deoxyuridine monophosphate; GAR, glycinamide ribonucleotide; GART, phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase; hFR, human folate receptor; MTX, methotrexate; SAH, S-adenosylhomocysteine; SAM, S-adenosylmethionine; SHMT, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; THF, tetrahydrofolate; X, various substrates for methylation.
