没看见病人了，怎么了解患者的生活？

WHAT ARE VALUES?

Values are broad concepts that guide our actions and may include values of life, family connections or living according to religious or cultural beliefs and traditions.5 ‘Values’ may sound vague and elusive. Simply put, exploring values is being curious and trying to know the patient as a person. Clinicians should be able to picture a patients’ life vividly before they presented to the hospital. How do they spend time at home? What do they enjoy? What makes them happy? Values also could be seen as the acceptable range of health states and priorities arranged on a vertical axis (figure 1). Life is not dichotomous (to live or die)—on the contrary, there are many grey areas in between. The order of items along this axis will vary from person to person. Exploring values is akin to finding out the order of these items and then finding out the range (the upper and the lower limit) of that axis.

什么是价值观？

价值观是指导我们行为的广泛概念，根据宗教/文化信仰和传统，可能包括生活、家庭关系或生命的观点。咋听起来，“价值观”可能模糊和难以捉摸。简而言之，探索价值观就是保持好奇心并试图了解患者这个人。在患者就诊前，临床医生应该就能生动地描绘患者的生活。他们在家怎么生活？他们喜欢什么？什么让他们开心？在纵轴上，价值观也可视为可接受的健康状况范围和事项的优先顺序（图1）。生活其实不是非生即死截然的二分法——生死之间有许多灰色区域。沿纵轴事项的优先顺序因人而异。探索价值观类似于找出这些事项的优先顺序，然后找出该轴的范围（上限和下限）。

各位老师，理解的对吗？“在就诊前，临床医生应该能够生动地描绘患者的生活。”，我还没看见病人了，怎么了解患者的生活？谢谢