微生物与健康，我们知之甚少
Bacteria and low back pain—fact or fiction?
Man, bacteria, health, and disease 人，细菌，健康，和疾病
Gone are the days when we thought that bacteria were only outside the environment and the human body is sterile in health. We now know that our body is the host for huge amounts of microbes, and we are clearly outnumbered by a ratio of more than 1:101. The human body has one trillion human cells but hosts nearly 10 to 20 trillion microbes2. More importantly than just the number, our cells carry between 20,000 to 25,000 genes, but it is estimated that the microbes inside have a genetic diversity of 500 times or more2.
While the microbes are all over our body, the bulk of them are in the intestinal tract, mostly in the colon, and there are reports that the bacteria alone would weigh three to five pounds, thereby qualifying to form an individual organ.
认为细菌仅在人体体外，健康人体是无菌的，这样的日子已经过去。我们现在知道我们的身体是大量微生物的宿主，我们也清楚知道这一比值超过1比10。人体有1兆细胞，但寄居了10至20兆微生物。比这个数字更重要的是：我们的细胞携带有20000至25000个基因，据估计微生物基因是我们细胞基因多样性的500倍或更多。
For example, the profiling of the gut microbiome in humans has brought about a paradigm shift in thinking of many disorders that were initially thought to be idiopathic. Changes in the intestinal microbiota have been associated with several autoimmune diseases, viz., multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 1 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Autism, Depression, Neuro-degenerative disorders, and psoriasis have been linked to changes in the gut microbiome6,7. Spondyloarthropathy, a disorder that predominantly affects the Spine and Sacro-iliac joints, has been linked to gut inflammation due to changes in the gut microbiome8.
The above reports evoke a serious suspicion of the possible role of microbial flora in determining the health of the spine.
分析人体肠道菌群，引发了许多以往被认为是特发性疾病思考的范式转移（巨大转变）。肠道菌群的变化和一些严重的自身免疫性疾病相关，如：多发性硬化症、炎症性肠炎、一型糖尿病、帕金森病、自闭症、抑郁症、神经退变性疾病和银屑病都与肠道菌群变化有关。脊柱关节病，一种主要影响脊柱和骶髂关节的疾病，和肠道微生物变化引起的肠道炎症有关。
以上报道促使人们高度怀疑微生物在决定脊柱健康方面的可能作用。
The future
Our ability to relate to microbes and to associate them to our health and disease has been linked to our ability to identify microbes. Before Leeuwenhoek discovered the microscope and saw the microbes nearly 350 years ago, almost all diseases were thought to be due to vague reasons—like poisonous air (Malaria – Bad Air) or the result of a royal curse (tuberculosis). Today we are in need to rewrite our relationships between microbes and their hosts. From being designated as pathogens associated with us only in disease, we have moved a long way forward to understand their intricate relationship and our dependence upon them for daily living. Research suggests that gut bacteria in healthy people are different from those with certain diseases. People who are sick may have too little or too much of a certain type. Or they may lack a wide variety of bacteria. It's thought some kinds may protect against ailments, while others may raise the risk.
The future will surely see a lot of work on this subject and attempts of man manipulating the microbial world for his benefit.
我们认识微生物的能力和我们与微生物的关联和把微生物和健康与疾病相关联的能力息息相关。列文虎克发现并观察到微生物已过去将近350年，几乎所有的疾病被认为是模糊的原因，像毒气或结核。今天，我们需要重新改写微生物和宿主的关系。从被认定为致病原，到理解它们错综复杂的关系和我们日常生活中依赖它们，我们已经前进了一大步。研究表明健康人体的肠道菌群和一些患者的不同。患者可能某种微生物过少或过多。或者他们缺乏多种微生物。一些类型的微生物可以保护人体免于患病，而另外一些可能增加人体患病风险。
未来肯定会看到很多关于这一主题的研究和利用微生物界造福人类的尝试
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最后编辑于 2022-03-01 · 浏览 713
