nucleus医学英语视听腹主动脉瘤

MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT:

医学动画记录：

 Your doctor may obtain a skin biopsy to view the tissue under a microscope, and make a diagnosis of your condition. 

你的医生可能会在显微镜下进行皮肤活检，观察组织，并对你的情况作出诊断。

The skin is the largest organ of the body, and is responsible for regulating body temperature; 

皮肤是人体最大的器官，负责调节体温;

sensing painful and pleasurable stimuli; 

感到痛苦和愉快的刺激;

providing a protective barrier against bacteria, toxins, and extreme temperatures; 

提供保护屏障，抵御细菌、毒素和极端温度;

and maintaining a balance of water and electrolytes by preventing internal fluid evaporation. 以及通过防止内部液体蒸发来维持水和电解质的平衡。

Skin consists of three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. 

皮肤由三层组成:表皮、真皮层和下皮层。

The epidermis helps prevent most bacteria and other foreign substances from entering the body. 

表皮有助于防止大多数细菌和其他外来物质进入体内。

The dermis provides support for the epidermis, and gives the skin its flexibility and strength. 

真皮层为表皮提供支撑，并给予皮肤弹性和力量。

The hypodermis is a layer of fat cells providing insulation and protective padding. 

真皮是一层脂肪细胞，提供绝缘和保护垫。

Skin biopsies are commonly ordered for warts and moles, skin cancers and other growths, allergic reactions, bacterial or fungal infections, acne, psoriasis, and injuries and scarring. 

对于疣和痣、皮肤癌和其他增生、过敏反应、细菌或真菌感染、痤疮、牛皮癣、损伤和疤痕，通常需要进行皮肤活检。

For all skin biopsy procedures, your doctor will inject your skin with a local anesthesia to numb the area.

在所有的皮肤活检过程中，医生会给你的皮肤注射局部麻醉，使其麻木。

Shave biopsies are usually performed on surface lesions. 

剃须活检通常对表面病变进行。

During this procedure, your doctor will use a sharp scalpel or razor blade to thinly slice or shave the top layer of the skin lesion. 

在这个过程中，你的医生会使用锋利的手术刀或刀片切薄或刮除皮肤损伤的最上层。

This type of biopsy does not require stitches. 

这种活组织检查不需要缝针。

Doctors usually perform a punch biopsy for deeper skin lesions. 

医生通常对深层皮肤病变进行穿刺活检。

Your doctor will rotate a circular, hollow blade around the lesion until it cuts completely through the epidermis and dermis. 

医生会在患处周围旋转一个空心的圆形刀片，直到它完全穿过表皮和真皮。

He or she will remove a small cylinder of skin-- usually smaller than the size of a pencil eraser-- containing all layers of the skin lesion. 

他或她会取出一个小圆筒状皮肤——通常比铅笔橡皮擦还要小——包含所有皮肤损伤层。

Depending on the size of the sample, the area may or may not be closed with stitches. 

根据样品的大小，该区域可以缝合也可以不缝合。

An excisional biopsy is larger and deeper than a shave or punch biopsy. 

切除的活组织检查比剃须或穿孔活组织检查更大更深。

It is used for conditions such as cancer, which must be entirely removed. 

它用于癌症等必须完全切除的疾病。

Your doctor will go as deep as is necessary to remove all of the area visibly affected, as well as some unaffected tissue around the outside of the lesion. 

医生会尽可能深入切除所有明显受影响的区域，以及患处外部一些未受影响的组织。

The incision is then closed with stitches. 

然后缝合切口。

After the biopsy, you will need to keep the area dry, and cover it with a sterile bandage or gauze dressing for one to two days. 

活检后，你需要保持伤口干燥，用无菌绷带或纱布包扎一到两天。

Antibiotic ointment should be applied until it is completely healed. 

应该使用抗生素药膏直到完全愈合。

Acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be taken for any discomfort at the biopsy site.

活检部位的任何不适都可以服用对乙酰氨基酚或布洛芬。