distress是悲痛？

AGITATION IN THE SURGICAL ICU 

Agitation in the critically ill patient can be extremely frustrating for the care team. Concern for patient safety is paramount, particularly in the surgical ICU where lines and drains can be inadvertently dislodged. It can often be difficult to distinguish whether agitation is because of hyperactive delirium or distress. Interventions should target the underlying cause. All efforts should be made to identify potentially fatal conditions in a systematic fashion first. Other common conditions should then be considered, including but not limited to urinary retention, constipation, pain, and distress from the endotracheal tube.

外科ICU中的躁动

危重病人的躁动可能会让医护团队非常沮丧。对病人安全的关注是至高无上的，特别是在外科ICU，躁动可能会使得管道和引流管不经意间移位。常常很难区分躁动是由于过于活跃的谵妄还是悲痛造成的。干预措施应针对躁动的根本原因。首先应该尽一切努力以系统全面的方式识别潜在的致命疾病。然后应该考虑其他常见情况，包括但不限于尿潴留、便秘、疼痛和因气管插管引起的痛苦。

distress是悲痛？谢谢