emergency release blood

Acceptable crystalloid solutions for the newborn include isotonic 0.9% NaCl (normal saline) and Ringer’s Lactate solutions. Alternatively, packed red blood cells (PRBC’s) may be considered in the event of known or suspected severe fetal anemia [8]. During initial resuscitation there is rarely time for blood typing or cross matching of unit specific blood products and instead non-crossmatched O−emergency release blood must be used. Judicious use of volume expanders is recommended as even small volumes of intravenous fluids may precipitate heart failure in the transitioning neonatal circulation. Additionally, rapid administration of volume may result in intracranial hemorrhage, with preterm infants being the most susceptible [9]. The recommended initial volume expansion dose should be 10 mL/kg of either isotonic crystalloid fluids or pRBC’s. This may be repeated if the clinical picture continues to demonstrate hypovolemia with cardiovascular compromise.

新生儿可接受的晶体溶液包括等渗0.9% NaCl(生理盐水)和乳酸钠林格液。此外，在已知或怀疑患有严重胎儿贫血的情况下，可以考虑使用浓缩红细胞(packed red blood cells, PRBC’s)[8]。在最初的复苏过程中，很少有时间对特定血液制品进行血型配型或交叉配型，而代之必须使用无需交叉配血的O-紧急释放血。建议谨慎扩容，因为即使是少量静脉输液也可能在过渡的新生儿循环中导致心力衰竭。此外，快速扩容可能导致颅内出血，而早产儿对此是最易感的[9]。推荐的初始扩容剂量应为10ml/kg等渗晶体液或PRBC’s。如果临床表现继续显示低血容量并伴有心血管损害，则可重复使用。

emergency release blood紧急释放血？对吗？该怎么理解？谢谢