papillary necrosis？

The leading causes of morbidity and mortality in this patient population are pulmonary and neurologic disease. Chronic renal disease is also an important cause. Sickle cell disease causes chronic progressive lung disease. It can initially present as lower airway obstruction and reactive airway disease in children and adolescents and progress to fibrosis and restrictive lung disease in later stages. Recurrent episodes of ACS can accelerate the progression of lung disease. Neurologic disease in sickle cell patients can include stroke, either hemorrhagic or infarctive. Renal diseases include glomerular disease and papillary necrosis.

在这一患者群体中，发病和死亡的主要原因是肺部和神经系统疾病，慢性肾脏疾病也是一个重要原因。

镰状细胞病会导致慢性进行性肺部疾病。它最初可表现为儿童和青少年的下呼吸道阻塞和反应性气道疾病，并在后期发展为纤维化和限制性肺病。ACS反复发作可加速肺部疾病的进展。镰状细胞患者的神经系统疾病包括出血性或梗死性卒中。肾脏疾病包括肾小球疾病和乳头状坏死。

papillary necrosis乳头状坏死？还是乳头坏死？