外科并发症与局部麻醉有什么关系？

Pyloromyotomy has been performed utilizing many regional anesthetic techniques. Historically, local anesthesia has been utilized, but with higher surgical complication rates [24]. Caudal block remains the standard anesthetic technique practice at the Hospital Infantil de México [36]. Willschke et al. [37] demonstrated the ability to provide anesthesia with an ultrasound guided single shot thoracic epidural injection for open pyloromyotomy. Spinal anesthetics for open and laparoscopic pyloromyotomy are possible [38, 39]. Spinal anesthetics have been considered in order to avoid (1) the issues of postoperative apnea and respiratory depression, (2) possible aspiration with induction, and (3) the stress of awake intubations. With the shift from open towards laparoscopic approaches, the only regional technique that may have potential application is the spinal. Currently the use of spinals for laparoscopic pyloromyotomy is not routinely recommended. 

Regional blocks for postoperative pain control have also been investigated. Among them, the ultrasound guided rectus sheath block seems to be the simplest method for providing intra and postoperative analgesia for the open pyloromyotomy