文献翻译练习（心血管内科）

最近在练习英文文献翻译，看到丁香园内有帖子是每日更新翻译内容的，觉得不错，是一种相互鼓励监督执行的好方法，而且还可以请同行们指点指点错误，不然每天自己虽然翻译了，但却不知道对错。本人是临床医学本科毕业生，即将进入研究生学习阶段了，主攻方向是心血管内科，所以在NEJM的主页找了一篇文章翻译练手吧，也是让自己能慢慢进入心血管内科领域，望大家看到后能及时纠正我的错误。谢谢！

第一天：

Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, is the leading cause of illness and death in the United States. There are an estimated 62 million people with cardiovascular disease and 50 million people with hypertension in this country.1 In 2000, approximately 946,000 deaths were attributable to cardiovascular disease, accounting for 39 percent of all deaths in the United States.2 Epidemiologic studies and randomized clinical trials have provided compelling evidence that coronary heart disease is largely preventable.3 However, there is also reason to believe that there is a heritable component to the disease. In this review, I highlight what we know now about genetic factors in cardiovascular disease. As future genomic discoveries are translated to the care of patients with cardiovascular disease, it is likely that what we can do will change.

LESSONS LEARNED FROM MONOGENIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS

Our understanding of the mechanism by which single genes can cause disease, even though such mechanisms are uncommon, has led to an understanding of the pathophysiological basis of more common cardiovascular diseases, which clearly are genetically complex. This point can be illustrated by a description of the genetic basis of specific diseases.

      心血管疾病，包括中风，是美国最主要的患病及死亡原因。在美国，大约有62百万的人患有心血管疾病，50百万的人患有高血压。在2000年，约有946000人死于心血管疾病，占美国死亡人数的39%。流行病学研究和随机临床试验已经证实冠心病很大一部分是可以预防的。但是，我们同样有理由相信，这个疾病是可遗传的。在这篇综述中，我强调了我们现今所知道的心血管疾病的基因因子。随着未来基因组学的发现被运用到每一个心血管疾病患者的护理中，我们所能做将会发生改变。

从单基因心血管紊乱中所学习到的

    我们一直认为单基因机制也可以导致疾病，尽管这种机制很罕见。这种观念已经主导了我们对于常见心血管疾病病例生理基础的理解，而实际上，这些常见心血管疾病在基因上来看是极为复杂的。这一点可以通过描述特殊疾病的基因基础来说明。