《全国医学博士英语统一考试历年真题》翻译活动正式运行5之试题解析
这个帖子发布于 12 年零 310 天前，其中的信息可能已发生改变或有所发展。
2011年医学博士英语试题阅读理解第5篇，内容如下：
Passage Five
Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the majority of homes, almost always with internet access. However, many studies of children’s use of computers show that there are possible negative effects. This essay will explain the possible negative effects of computer use on children,focusing on the effects on family and peer relationships and the increased tendency towards violent behavior.
Computer use may negatively affect the social relationship between children and their parents. Because children spend so much time on computers, they often know more about advanced computer use than their parents. According to Subrahmanyam and his colleagues (2001) this often leads to a role reversal, where the child becomes a teacher to the parent. In other words, it is often the case that a highly computer literate teenager will teach their parents how to use the more complex functions of computer technology.This can lead to a reduction in parental authority. Moreover, with the anonymity of online communication, computer users do not know if they are talking to a child or an adult, so all users are treated equally (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). Children may then expect the same equality in real life, further contributing to a breakdown in the parent-children relationship (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001).
Children’s peer relationships can also be negatively affected by extensive computer use. Since computers are more likely to be used in isolation by children, they spend little time interacting with their peers (Shields & Behrman, 2001). As a result, children may not develop the social skills they need, or be able to maintain friendships in the real world (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). With the very extended computer use,this isolation from the real world can lead to loneliness and even depression(Shields & Behrman, 2001).
A disturbing possible effect of computer use on children is the link between computer games and violence. Current research has already documented a strong link between violent films and television and aggressive behavior in children, so it is reasonable to believe that a similar link will be found between violent behavior in children and violence in computer games (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). However, as Shields Behrman (2001) points out, it is important to note that although the games may affect all children, children who prefer violent games could be most affected.
In conclusion, using a computer,particularly for extended periods, may affect the parent-children relationship in families. It could also result in children not learning the social skills they need to interact with peers and maintain friendships. Moreover, it seems likely that playing violent computer games is linked to violence in children.Although the research is not conclusive, it appears that extended use of computers could have a negative effect on children’s social development.
1. From the very beginning, the author is trying to draw out attention to ______
A. crimes on rise at school
B. a decline in family value
C. the negative effects of children’s overuse of computer
D. the increasing number of investigations on education
2. Which is the best reason for the reduction of parental authority according to the passage?
A. Children become teachers to their parents
B. Parents are fossilized in new technology
C. Children expect for an equal status with their parents
D. Parents’ roles are being shrunk by the computer
3. What does Shield Behrman imply in the passage?
A. Children greatly value the friendship with their peers
B. Children are doomed to suffer depression by using computer
C. Children will in no circumstances be affected by violent games
D. Children’s inclination to aggression may derive from violent games
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the negative result ofplaying computer games in the passage?
A. Alack of social communication
B. Increasing violent performance
C. A decline in intelligence
D. A breakdown in family relationship
5. Where might the passage be taken from?
A. A biography
B. A science fiction
C.A Research periodical
D. Business newspaper
因为没有标准答案，大家尽可能把解析过程说详细，以供相互间探讨，旨在交流学习，共同进步。可同时就题目中遇到难点、疑点等各种问题积极展开讨论，感谢您的支持！！
yushukui致！
Passage Five
Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the majority of homes, almost always with internet access. However, many studies of children’s use of computers show that there are possible negative effects. This essay will explain the possible negative effects of computer use on children,focusing on the effects on family and peer relationships and the increased tendency towards violent behavior.
Computer use may negatively affect the social relationship between children and their parents. Because children spend so much time on computers, they often know more about advanced computer use than their parents. According to Subrahmanyam and his colleagues (2001) this often leads to a role reversal, where the child becomes a teacher to the parent. In other words, it is often the case that a highly computer literate teenager will teach their parents how to use the more complex functions of computer technology.This can lead to a reduction in parental authority. Moreover, with the anonymity of online communication, computer users do not know if they are talking to a child or an adult, so all users are treated equally (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). Children may then expect the same equality in real life, further contributing to a breakdown in the parent-children relationship (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001).
Children’s peer relationships can also be negatively affected by extensive computer use. Since computers are more likely to be used in isolation by children, they spend little time interacting with their peers (Shields & Behrman, 2001). As a result, children may not develop the social skills they need, or be able to maintain friendships in the real world (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). With the very extended computer use,this isolation from the real world can lead to loneliness and even depression(Shields & Behrman, 2001).
A disturbing possible effect of computer use on children is the link between computer games and violence. Current research has already documented a strong link between violent films and television and aggressive behavior in children, so it is reasonable to believe that a similar link will be found between violent behavior in children and violence in computer games (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). However, as Shields Behrman (2001) points out, it is important to note that although the games may affect all children, children who prefer violent games could be most affected.
In conclusion, using a computer,particularly for extended periods, may affect the parent-children relationship in families. It could also result in children not learning the social skills they need to interact with peers and maintain friendships. Moreover, it seems likely that playing violent computer games is linked to violence in children.Although the research is not conclusive, it appears that extended use of computers could have a negative effect on children’s social development.
1. From the very beginning, the author is trying to draw out attention to ______
A. crimes on rise at school
B. a decline in family value
C. the negative effects of children’s overuse of computer
D. the increasing number of investigations on education
2. Which is the best reason for the reduction of parental authority according to the passage?
A. Children become teachers to their parents
B. Parents are fossilized in new technology
C. Children expect for an equal status with their parents
D. Parents’ roles are being shrunk by the computer
3. What does Shield Behrman imply in the passage?
A. Children greatly value the friendship with their peers
B. Children are doomed to suffer depression by using computer
C. Children will in no circumstances be affected by violent games
D. Children’s inclination to aggression may derive from violent games
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the negative result ofplaying computer games in the passage?
A. Alack of social communication
B. Increasing violent performance
C. A decline in intelligence
D. A breakdown in family relationship
5. Where might the passage be taken from?
A. A biography
B. A science fiction
C.A Research periodical
D. Business newspaper
因为没有标准答案，大家尽可能把解析过程说详细，以供相互间探讨，旨在交流学习，共同进步。可同时就题目中遇到难点、疑点等各种问题积极展开讨论，感谢您的支持！！
yushukui致！
