[讨论]腺样体切除与扁桃体切除术相关问题

如果腺样体肥大的患儿,没有慢性扁桃体炎的病史,大小为I度或者不影响口咽部气道,要不要同时切除扁桃体?不切的理由就不用说了,没有传统的手术指征,但是有可能在切除腺样体后出现扁桃体的“代偿兴肥大”,因此有二次手术的可能。听听大家的意见吧。
切还是不切?
观点一,具有免疫功能,切除要慎重(参考Immunology of tonsils and adenoids: everything the ENT surgeon needs to know.
Although the pIgA-producing capacity of tonsillar B cells is considerably decreased in children with recurrent tonsillitis, a conservative attitude towards adenotonsillectomy appears immunologically desirable, particularly in the young age group
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2003 Dec;67 Suppl 1:S69- )
如果要切,又没有相关的传统的手术适应症。。。
这个手术的另一个问题,术前polysomnography有没有必要。美国的一项调查24000例儿童adenotonsillectomy只有12%术前检查了多导睡眠图
Sleep Med. 2003 Jul;4(4):297-307
好像不是十分必要。
还有一个有趣的结果,经咽拭子培养统计患有慢扁或腺样体扁桃体肥大的儿童与正常儿童的扁桃体表面菌落种类只有微小差别,因此感染细菌种类不是患病的主要因素。
慢性扁桃体炎、腺样体肥大会合并贫血吗?
看到挪威一篇报道(Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2004 Apr;68(4):419-23 )说有56.3%的患儿在术前合并贫血,我们几乎每天都有这种病人,但我没有注意到这种情况。
扁桃体切除术的出血报道J Otolaryngol. 2003 Oct;32(5):302-
西班牙人报到扁桃体术后出血4.11%,23例出血中22例为原发性,19例发生在8小时内,建议用American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status classification美国麻醉协会体检分级法预测可能发生的出血。American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status classification
P1 A normal healthy patient
P2 A patient with mild systemic disease
P3 A patient with severe systemic disease
P4 A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
P5 A moribund patient who is not expected to survive without the operation
P6 A declared brain-dead patient whose organs are being removed for donor purposes
These definitions appear in each annual edition of the ASA Relative Value Guide. There is no additional information that will help you further define these categories.
上文中统计结果p2容易发生出血。
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