2022年CATTI二笔英译汉讲解之教科文组织

不是我写的，是转载

In today’s increasingly diverse societies, UNESCO continues to accomplish every day its fundamental humanist mission to support people in understanding each other and working together to build lasting peace. UNESCO also helps to enable people to create and use knowledge for just and inclusive societies. Towards this end, UNESCO has prioritized training and research in sustainable development, skills for peaceful relations, good governance, and the prevention of conflict and peace building among others.

1. In today’s increasingly diverse societies , UNESCO continues to accomplish every day its fundamental humanist mission to support people in understanding each other and working together to build lasting peace.

a.diverse societies，直译是多元的社会，加上increasingly，建议翻译为“社会日益多元”，使行文简洁，流畅。

b.continues to accomplish every day its fundamental humanist mission

类似every day这样的时间状语，及其他副词类修饰语，如果是修饰一句话的，可以拎出来翻译，这样后面的行文就会少些麻烦。

2. Towards this end, UNESCO has prioritized training and research in sustainable development, skills for peaceful relations, good governance, and the prevention of conflict and peace building among others.

a. towards this end=to achieve this goal 很好用的汉译英衔接词，在政经文本中，可以用来衔接目标与行动。

b.in 后面有很多方面，翻译时可以调整句序，优先翻译in后面的内容，再处理has prioritized training and research。

参考译文

当今社会日益多元，联合国教科文组织日复一日，继续履行基本人本主义使命，支持人们相互理解，合作，共建一个持久和平的世界。与此同时，教科文组织助力人们创造知识，利用知识，共建公平、包容的社会。为此，教科文组织在可持续发展，构建和平关系的技巧，善政，预防冲突，以及构建和平环境等方面，优先进行教育研究工作。

Yet, lasting peace rests on a complex and fragile web of daily practices embedded in local settings and the most ephemeral encounters that individuals and communities creatively maintain out of the conviction that they constitute the sustainable conditions for living together in dignity and shared prosperity. At a time of increasing global challenges and threats, such as inequality, exclusion, violence and sectarianism worsened by local tensions and conflicts which undermine humanity’s cohesion, learning to live together among all members of the global community becomes more topical than ever before.

Yet, lasting peace rests on a complex and fragile web of daily practices embedded in local settings and the most ephemeral encounters that individuals and communities creatively maintain out of the conviction that they constitute the sustainable conditions for living together in dignity and shared prosperity. 

a. 这句话的难点在于各环节之间都有紧密联系，有点类似套娃，最外层是最大的，要想研究明白这个套娃究竟怎么回事，需要一层一层往里看。所以这句话的翻译技巧，就是直译。

第一步：断句，即明白到底谁是大娃，谁是六娃；

第二步：直译，即，将断好的每个娃的模样理清楚；最后一步：重新调整语序，即把每个有紧密关系的娃娃的因果都解释清楚。断句如上，我大概将整个句子断成了四个部分，不同颜色对应不同娃娃。接下来，分别翻译各个颜色，再重新排序即可。

其实底层逻辑，是因为英汉的句子结构大有差异，英文，先枝干，再是叶子，果子，所以这句话首先出现的是巨大的枝干，若想明白怎么回事，需要继续往下看，所以英文句子可以无限长，只要语法正确就能不断连接句子，然而中文不是，我们需要把小的细节处理完毕，才能纵观全局，所以这种巨大的差异，需要我们在翻译的时候对英汉语言特征加以考虑，在英译汉时，我们需要将从宏观到微观的句子转换成微观到宏观，所以大家经常说英译汉不会说人话，其实说好人话的定义不就是，哪怕你再墨迹，也要把逻辑关系理清楚吗。

At a time of increasing global challenges and threats, such as inequality, exclusion, violence and sectarianism worsened by local tensions and conflicts which undermine humanity’s cohesion, learning to live together among all members of the global community becomes more topical than ever before.

a. 这句话没有特别难的地方，有个短语可以积累，worsened by，这个词好在可以替换“as well as/and”等并列词，相对来说比较高级，当前面一直在强调某种负面影响，我们想用连接词继续往下说的时候，就可以用这个词，有种雪上加霜的感觉。那问题来了，如果想表达正向/积极的影响呢，去查查看。

参考译文 

个人、社区的日常往来需要因地制宜，即便是一面之交，也需要采取建设性的办法。人们相信，这样便能和谐共处，互相尊重，共创繁荣。虽然这些交往规则既复杂，又不易维系，却是保证持久和平的关键所在。当下，世界面临着越来越多的挑战与威胁，例如不平等、排他、暴力现象，宗派主义，地方紧张局势，冲突关系等，逐渐破坏了人类的凝聚力，学会与国际社会共存成了最热门的话题。

Individuals become interculturally competent through learning and life experience for successful living in the modern complexity of our heterogeneous world and consequently they become prepared to appreciate diversity as well as to manage conflicts in accordance with the values of pluralism and mutual understanding.

这句话有点像上面说的套娃，不过是套数更少版本的，留做作业吧～

参考译文 在当今这个复杂多样的世界，个体通过学习和积累生活经验，不仅获得了跨文化能力，还因此具备了多元主义与相互理解的价值观。他们已经做好准备，理解多样性的重要性，并能够妥善处理冲突问题，从而活出精彩