LMCHK考纲6【精神病学】

Psychiatry 精神病学

Common Forms of Psychiatric Disorders 常见精神障碍类型

• Organic mental disorders 器质性精神障碍
• Substance-related and addictive disorders (including substance (e.g. alcohol and other substances) and non-substance-related (e.g. gambling disorder)) 物质相关及成瘾障碍（包括物质（如酒精及其他物质）和非物质相关（如赌博障碍））
• Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders 精神分裂症或其他原发性精神障碍
• Catatonia 紧张症
• Mood disorders (including Depressive disorders, Bipolar or related disorders, etc) 情绪障碍（包括抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍等）
• Anxiety or fear-related disorders (e.g. Generalized anxiety disorder, Agoraphobia, Panic disorder, Social anxiety disorder, etc) 焦虑或恐惧相关障碍（如广泛性焦虑障碍、广场恐惧症、惊恐障碍、社交焦虑障碍等）
• Obsessive-compulsive or related disorders 强迫症或相关障碍
• Disorders specifically associated with stress (including Post-traumatic stress disorder, Prolonged grief disorder, Adjustment disorder, etc) 特定与压力相关的障碍（包括创伤后应激障碍、延长哀伤障碍、适应障碍等）
• Dissociative Disorders 分离性障碍
• Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders (including Somatic symptom disorder, Illness anxiety disorder, Conversion disorder and Factitious disorder, etc) 躯体症状及相关障碍（包括躯体症状障碍、疾病焦虑障碍、转换障碍及虚假障碍等）
• Sleep-wake disorders 睡眠-觉醒障碍
• Feeding or eating disorders 进食障碍
• Disorders related to sexual health (including sexual dysfunctions and gender incongruence) 与性健康相关的障碍（包括性功能障碍及性别不一致）
• Disruptive behavior or dissocial disorders, Personality disorders (including their relevance to clinical and forensic scenarios) 破坏性行为或反社会障碍，人格障碍（包括其在临床及法医情境中的相关性）
• Neurodevelopmental disorders (including Disorders of intellectual development, Autism spectrum disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, etc) and other disorders with onset usually in childhood or adolescence 神经发育障碍（包括智力发育障碍、自闭症谱系障碍、注意缺陷多动障碍等）及其他通常在儿童或青少年期起病的障碍
• Neurocognitive disorders (including Delirium, Mild neurocognitive disorder, Amnestic disorder, Dementia, etc) 神经认知障碍（包括谵妄、轻度神经认知障碍、遗忘性障碍、痴呆等）

Specific Clinical Situations 特定临床情境

Crisis management in common emergencies 常见急症的危机管理：

• An episode of parasuicide (attempted suicide) 一次自杀未遂
• Assessment of risks of violence 暴力风险评估
• A patient in acute distress 急性痛苦中的患者
• An acutely psychotic patient 急性精神病患者
• A patient with severe mood disturbance 情绪严重波动的患者
• A delirious patient 谵妄患者

Other specific clinical contexts 其他特定临床情境：

• Bereavement 丧亲
• Multi-morbidity and chronic debilitating physical conditions 多病共存及慢性虚弱性身体疾病
• Puerperium and Pregnancy 产褥期及妊娠
• Malignancies 恶性肿瘤
• Suicide 自杀

Psychiatric Treatment 精神病治疗

• Psychotropic drugs 精神药物
• Neuromodulation (e.g. electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) 神经调节（如电休克疗法、重复经颅磁刺激）
• Psychotherapeutic interventions and their main clinical applications 心理治疗干预及其主要临床应用
• Rationale of early intervention for psychiatric conditions 精神疾病早期干预的依据
• Theoretical basis and techniques for the rehabilitation of chronic psychiatric disorders in both institutional and community settings, the rationale of community care 慢性精神障碍在机构及社区环境中的康复的理论基础和技术，社区护理的依据
• Clinically important concepts in psychological approaches, e.g. unconscious conflicts and defence mechanisms 心理方法中的临床重要概念，如无意识冲突和防御机制

Psychiatry, Law and Ethics 精神病学、法律与伦理

• Assessment of mental capacity for treatment (and other) decisions 治疗（及其他）决策的精神能力评估
• Clinical applications of the Mental Health Ordinance in psychiatric and non-psychiatric settings 《精神健康条例》在精神科及非精神科环境中的临床应用