LMCHK考纲3【性病、皮肤科、临床药理学、外科】

医学【性病、皮肤科、临床药理学、外科（乳腺、心胸、结直肠、内分泌、上消化道、肝胆）】

Sexually Transmitted Diseases 性传播疾病

• Urethral discharge 尿道分泌物
• Genital ulcer 生殖器溃疡
• Vaginal discharge 阴道分泌物
• Gonorrhoea 淋病
• Chlamydial infections 衣原体感染
• Chancroid 软下疳
• Syphilis 梅毒
• Herpes 单纯疱疹
• HIV infection 艾滋病毒感染

Dermatology 皮肤科

• Eczema and dermatitis 湿疹及皮炎
• Psoriasis 银屑病
• Acne 痤疮
• Skin infections 皮肤感染
• Life-threatening dermatoses (e.g. autoimmune blistering diseases, erythroderma, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, pustular psoriasis, toxic shock syndrome) 危及生命的皮肤病（如自身免疫性大疱性疾病、红皮病、斯蒂文斯-约翰逊综合症、毒性表皮坏死松解症、脓疱型银屑病、毒性休克综合症）
• Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases 系统性疾病的皮肤表现
• Malignancy of the skin 皮肤恶性肿瘤

Clinical Pharmacology 临床药理学

• Good prescribing practice 良好的处方实践
• Principles of clinical pharmacology 临床药理学的基本原则
• Adverse drug reactions and drug interactions 药物不良反应及药物相互作用
• Drugs and the liver 药物与肝脏
• Drugs and the kidneys 药物与肾脏
• Prescribing in the elderly 老年患者的处方用药
• Prescribing in pregnancy 妊娠期的处方用药
• Cardiovascular drug therapy 心血管药物治疗
• Drug treatment of thromboembolism and bleeding 血栓栓塞及出血的药物治疗
• Drug therapy for respiratory diseases 呼吸系统疾病的药物治疗
• Gastrointestinal drug therapy and drugs for inflammatory bowel diseases 胃肠道药物治疗及炎症性肠病的药物
• Clinical neuropharmacology 临床神经药理学
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids 非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）及皮质类固醇
• Antimicrobial drug therapy and prophylaxis 抗微生物药物治疗及预防
• Antiviral therapy 抗病毒治疗
• Clinical toxicology (including common traditional Chinese medicine toxicity) 临床毒理学（包括常见中药毒性）
• Clinical drug trials 临床药物试验
• Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics 药物遗传学及药物基因组学
• Drug utilisation studies and audits 药物使用研究及审计

Surgery 外科

Breast Surgery 乳腺外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Mastitis and breast abscess 乳腺炎及乳腺脓肿
• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Management of breast cancer 乳腺癌的管理
• Management of benign breast neoplasms 良性乳腺肿瘤的管理
• Triple assessment 三重评估
• Interpretation of mammogram and breast ultrasound 乳腺X线检查及超声的解读
• Fine needle aspiration vs. core needle biopsy 细针穿刺 vs. 核心针活检
• Breast cancer screening 乳腺癌筛查
• Breast cancer genetics 乳腺癌遗传学

Cardiothoracic Surgery 心胸外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Thoracic trauma 胸部外伤
• Spontaneous pneumothorax 自发性气胸
• Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层
• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Management of lung cancer 肺癌的管理
• Interpretation of chest x-ray and CT thorax 胸部X光片及胸部CT的解读

Colorectal Surgery 结直肠外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Lower gastrointestinal bleeding 下消化道出血
• Intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻
• Bowel ischaemia 肠缺血
• Acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎
• Acute diverticulitis and its complications 急性憩室炎及其并发症
• Complications from inflammatory bowel diseases 炎症性肠病的并发症
• Anastomotic leakage 吻合口瘘
• Post-operative ileus 术后肠梗阻

Colorectal Surgery 结直肠外科

• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Screening for colonic polyps and cancers 结肠息肉及癌症的筛查
• Management of colonic and rectal cancer 结肠及直肠癌的管理
• Management of inflammatory bowel diseases 炎症性肠病的管理
• Nutrition: enteral, parenteral 营养管理：肠内、肠外营养
• Colonoscopy and its complications 结肠镜检查及其并发症
• Bowel preparations 肠道准备
• Types and complications of stoma 造口类型及并发症
• Functional colonic disorders including constipation and irritable bowel syndrome 功能性结肠疾病，包括便秘及肠易激综合征
• Management of proctology problems 肛门直肠病的管理
• Haemorrhoids 痔疮
• Fistula-in-ano 肛瘘
• Anal fissures 肛裂
• Pilonidal sinus 藏毛窦

Endocrine Surgery 内分泌外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Management of hypercalcemia 高钙血症的管理
• Management of Addisonian crisis 艾迪生危象的管理
• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Management of thyroid nodules 甲状腺结节的管理
• Classifications of thyroid cancers 甲状腺癌的分类
• Complications of thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术的并发症
• Management of hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进的管理
• Management of adrenal nodules 肾上腺结节的管理
• Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms 胰腺内分泌肿瘤

Oesophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery 食管及上消化道外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Upper gastrointestinal bleeding 上消化道出血
• Perforated peptic ulcers 消化性溃疡穿孔
• Small bowel ischaemia 小肠缺血
• Oesophageal perforation including Boerhaave syndrome 食管穿孔，包括博尔哈维综合征

Oesophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery 食管及上消化道外科

• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Management of oesophageal cancer 食管癌的管理
• Management of dysphagia 吞咽困难的管理
• Peptic ulcer disease and its complications 消化性溃疡病及其并发症
• Gastric outlet obstruction 胃出口梗阻
• Management of gastric cancer 胃癌的管理
• Types of gastrectomy 胃切除术的类型
• Functional oesophageal disorders including achalasia 功能性食管疾病，包括贲门失弛缓症

Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery 肝胆及移植外科

• Emergency Surgery Topics 急诊手术主题
• Acute biliary tract infections 急性胆道感染
• Acute cholecystitis 急性胆囊炎
• Acute cholangitis 急性胆管炎
• Biliary pancreatitis 胆源性胰腺炎
• Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis 复发性化脓性胆管炎
• Liver trauma - blunt or penetrating 肝脏创伤 - 钝性或穿透性
• Liver abscess and its etiology 肝脓肿及其病因
• Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma 破裂的肝细胞癌
• Hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病
• Splenic trauma and splenectomy 脾脏创伤及脾切除术
• Elective Surgery Topics 选择性手术主题
• Management of gallstone diseases 胆结石疾病的管理
• Complications of cholecystectomy including bile duct injury 胆囊切除术的并发症，包括胆管损伤
• Management of liver tumour (primary and secondary) 肝肿瘤的管理（原发性及继发性）
• Management of pancreatic cancer (curative and palliative surgery) 胰腺癌的管理（根治性及姑息性手术）
• Investigation of jaundice (including painless jaundice) 黄疸的检查（包括无痛性黄疸）
• Immunosuppression in transplant surgery 移植手术中的免疫抑制