康复科研博士团：运动康复SCI论文导读2023-09

新刊速递

每月带您读英文核心，这个月英文文献分享刚刚开始！

本文内容较长，为了优化阅读体验，欢迎大家点击标题展开相应内容。

1.《英国运动医学杂志》

JCR：Q1;IF：18.475

低负载和高负载的影响阻力训练相结合跟有氧训练患者冠状的动脉疾病：一剂依赖性随机对照试验（博士奥斯卡奖）

低负荷和高负荷阻力训练联合有氧训练对冠状动脉疾病患者的影响：一项剂量依赖的随机对照试验（奥斯卡博士奖）

【摘要】

目的：对所有相关运动训练模式对静息血压的影响进行大规模成对和网状meta分析，以建立最佳的抗高血压运动处方实践。

设计：系统评价和网状meta分析。

数据来源：系统地检索了PubMed（Medline），Cochrane图书馆和Web of Science。

资格：1990年至2023年2月期间发表的随机对照试验。纳入了所有相关工作，报告了运动干预≥<>周后收缩压（SBP）和/或舒张压（DBP）降低，符合条件的非干预对照组。

结果：最终分析纳入了270项随机对照试验，合并样本量为15 827名受试者。成对分析显示，在有氧运动训练（-4.49/–2.53 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、动态阻力训练（-4.55/–3.04 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、联合训练（-6.04/–2.54 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、高强度间歇训练（-4.08/–2.50 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）和等距运动训练（-8.24/–4.00 毫米汞柱， 第<0.001页）。如网状meta分析所示，基于累积排名曲线下表面（SUCRA）值对SBP的有效性排名顺序为等长运动训练（SUCRA：98.3%）、联合训练（75.7%）、动态阻力训练（46.1%）、有氧运动训练（40.5%）和高强度间歇训练（39.4%）。二级网络荟萃分析显示，等长壁蹲和跑步分别是降低 SBP （90.4%） 和 DBP （91.3%） 的最有效子模式。

结论：各种运动训练模式可改善静息血压，尤其是等长运动。该分析的结果应为未来预防和治疗动脉高血压的运动指南建议提供信息。

【摘要】  

目的：对所有相关运动训练模式对静息血压的影响进行大规模成对和网状meta分析，以建立最佳的抗高血压运动处方实践。

设计：系统评价和网状meta分析。

数据来源：系统地检索了PubMed（Medline），Cochrane图书馆和Web of Science。

资格标准：1990年至2023年2月期间发表的随机对照试验。纳入了所有相关工作，报告了运动干预≥<>周后收缩压（SBP）和/或舒张压（DBP）降低，符合条件的非干预对照组。

结果：最终分析纳入270项随机对照试验，合并样本量为15 827名受试者。成对分析显示，在有氧运动训练（-4.49/–2.53 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、动态阻力训练（-4.55/–3.04 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、联合训练（-6.04/–2.54 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）、高强度间歇训练（-4.08/–2.50 毫米汞柱，p<0.001）和等距运动训练（-8.24/–4.00 毫米汞柱， 第<0.001页）。如网状meta分析所示，基于累积排名曲线下表面（SUCRA）值对SBP的有效性排名顺序为等长运动训练（SUCRA：98.3%）、联合训练（75.7%）、动态阻力训练（46.1%）、有氧运动训练（40.5%）和高强度间歇训练（39.4%）。二级网络荟萃分析显示，等长壁蹲和跑步分别是降低 SBP （90.4%） 和 DBP （91.3%） 的最有效子模式。

结论：各种运动训练模式可改善静息血压，尤其是等长运动。该分析的结果应为未来预防和治疗动脉高血压的运动指南建议提供信息。

2.《Journal of Physiotherapy》

JCR：Q1;IF：12.1

High-velocity power training has similar effects to traditional resistance training for functional performance in older adults: a systematic review

高速力量训练与传统的阻力训练对老年人的功能表现有类似的效果：系统综述

【摘要】

Questions：What is the effect of high-velocity power training (HVPT) compared with traditional resistance training (TRT) on functional performance in older adults? What is the quality of intervention reporting for the relevant literature?

设计：Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Participants：Older adults (aged > 60 years), regardless of health status, baseline functional capacity or residential status.

Interventions：High-velocity power training with the intent to perform the concentric phase as quickly as possible compared with traditional moderate-velocity resistance training performed with a concentric phase of ≥ 2 seconds.

Outcome measures：Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), five times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), 30-second sit-to-stand test (30-STS), gait speed tests, static or dynamic balance tests, stair climb tests and walking tests for distance. The quality of intervention reporting was assessed with the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) score.

结果：Nineteen trials with 1,055 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with TRT, HVPT had a weak-to-moderate effect on change from baseline scores for the SPPB (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.53; low-quality evidence) and TUG (SMD 0.35, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.63; low-quality evidence). The effect of HVPT relative to TRT for other outcomes remained very uncertain. The average CERT score across all trials was 53%, with two trials rated high quality and four rated moderate quality.

Conclusion：HVPT had similar effects to TRT for functional performance in older adults, but there is considerable uncertainty in most estimates. HVPT had better effects on the SPPB and TUG, but it is unclear whether the benefit is large enough to be clinically worthwhile.

【摘要】  

问题：与传统阻力训练（TRT）相比，高速力量训练（HVPT）对老年人功能的表现有什么影响？相关文献的干预报告质量如何？

设计：随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

参与者：老年人（>60岁），无论健康状况、基线功能能力或居住状态。

干预：高速动力训练，与传统的中速度阻力训练相比。

结果测量：短物理性能电池（SPPB）、定时和行走测试（TUG）、5次坐立试验（5-STS）、30秒坐立试验（30-STS）、步态速度测试、静态或动态平衡测试、爬楼梯测试和步行距离测试。干预报告的质量采用运动报告模板（CERT）评分进行评估。

结果：19项试验，1055名参与者纳入荟萃分析。与TRT相比，HVPT对SPPB的基线评分（SMD0.27,95%CI0.02-0.53；低质量证据）和TUG（SMD0.35,95%CI0.06-0.63；低质量证据）的变化有弱到中度的影响。HVPT相对于TRT对其他结果的影响仍然非常不确定。所有试验的CERT平均评分为53%，其中2项试验评分高质量，4项评分中等。

结论： HVPT在老年人功能表现方面与TRT有相似的影响，但大多数估计存在相当大的不确定性。HVPT对SPPB和TUG有更好的效果，但尚不清楚其益处是否足够大到临床价值。

3.《Journal of Sport and Health Science》

JCR：Q1;IF：11.7

Skeletal muscle atrophy, regeneration, and dysfunction in heart failure: Impact of exercise training

心力衰竭中的骨骼肌萎缩、再生和功能障碍：运动训练的影响

【摘要】

This review highlights some established and some more contemporary mechanisms responsible for heart failure (HF)-induced skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. We first describe the effects of HF on the relationship between protein synthesis and degradation rates, which determine muscle mass, the involvement of the satellite cells for continual muscle regeneration, and changes in myofiber calcium homeostasis linked to contractile dysfunction. We then highlight key mechanistic effects of both aerobic and resistance exercise training on skeletal muscle in HF and outline its application as a beneficial treatment. Overall, HF causes multiple impairments related to autophagy, anabolic-catabolic signaling, satellite cell proliferation, and calcium homeostasis, which together promote fiber atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and impaired regeneration. Although both wasting and weakness are partly rescued by aerobic and resistance exercise training in HF, the effects of satellite cell dynamics remain poorly explored.

【摘要】  

这篇综述强调了一些已建立的和一些更现代的机制，这些机制导致心力衰竭引起的骨骼肌萎缩和虚弱。我们首先描述了心力衰竭对蛋白质合成和降解率之间关系的影响，蛋白质合成和降解率决定肌肉质量，卫星细胞参与持续的肌肉再生，以及与收缩功能障碍有关的肌纤维钙稳态的变化。然后，我们强调有氧和阻力运动训练对心力衰竭骨骼肌的关键机制作用，并概述其作为一种有益的治疗方法的应用。总体而言，心力衰竭导致与自噬、合成代谢-分解代谢信号、卫星细胞增殖和钙稳态相关的多种损害，这些共同促进了纤维萎缩、收缩功能障碍和再生障碍。尽管有氧和耐力运动训练可以在一定程度上缓解心力衰竭患者的虚弱和虚弱，但卫星细胞动力学的影响仍未得到充分研究。

Risk factors for chronic ankle instability after first episode of lateral ankle sprain: A retrospective analysis of 362 cases

踝关节外侧扭伤后慢性踝关节不稳定的危险因素：回顾性分析362例

【Abstract】

Background：Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common sequela following an acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS). To treat an acute LAS more effectively and efficiently, it is important to identify patients at substantial risk for developing CAI. This study identifies magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations for predicting CAI development after a first episode of LAS and explores appropriate clinical indications for ordering MRI scans for these patients.

Methods：All patients with a first-episode LAS who received plain radiograph and MRI scanning within the first 2 weeks after LAS from December 1, 2017 to December 1, 2019 were identified. Data were collected using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool at final follow-up. Demographic and other related clinical variables, including age, sex, body mass index, and treatment were also recorded. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed successively to identify risk factors for CAI after first-episode LAS.

Results：A total 131 out of 362 patients with a mean follow-up of 3.0 ± 0.6 years (mean ± SD; 2.0–4.1 years) developed CAI after first-episode LAS. According to multivariable regression, development of CAI after first-episode LAS was associated with 5 prognostic factors: age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.93–1.00, p = 0.032); body mass index (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.02–1.17, p = 0.009); posterior talofibular ligament injury (OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.05–4.48, p = 0.035); large bone marrow lesion of the talus (OR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.30–5.58, p = 0.008), and Grade 2 effusion of the tibiotalar joint (OR = 2.61, 95%CI: 1.39–4.89, p = 0.003). When patients had at least 1 positive clinical finding in the 10-m walk test, anterior drawer test, or inversion tilt test, they had a 90.2% sensitivity and 77.4% specificity in terms of detecting at least 1 prognostic factor by MRI.

Conclusions：MRI scanning is valuable in predicting CAI after first-episode LAS for those patients with at least 1 positive clinical finding in the 10-m walk test, anterior drawer test, and inversion tilt test. Further prospective and large-scale studies are necessary for validation.

【摘要】  

背景：慢性踝关节不稳（CAI）是急性外侧踝关节扭伤（LAS）后常见的后遗症。为了更有效和更有效地治疗急性LAS，识别有大量CAI风险的患者是很重要的。本研究确定磁共振成像（MRI）表现，以预测首次LAS后CAI发展，并探讨这些患者的临床指标。

方法：所有在2017年12月1日至12月1日至2019年12月1日接受平片和MRI扫描的患者。在最后一次随访时，使用坎伯兰踝关节不稳定工具（CAIT）收集数据。同时还记录了人口统计学和其他相关的临床变量，包括年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）和治疗方法。

结果：362例患者中有131例，131例平均随访3.0 ± 0.6年（平均± SD；2.0-4.1年）首发LAS后发生CAI。根据多变量回归，首发LAS后CAI的发展与5个预后因素相关：年龄（比值比（OR）= 0.96,95%可信区间（CI）：0.93-1.00，对= 0.032）；BMI（或= 1.09,95%CI：1.02-1.17，对= 0.009)；距骨后韧带损伤（或= 2.17,95%CI：1.05-4.48：对= 0.035)；距骨大骨髓病变（或= 2.69,95%CI：1.30-5.58，对= 0.008)，胫骨关节2级积液（或= 2.61,95%CI：1.39-4.89，对= 0.003)。当患者在10米步行试验、前抽屉试验或倒置倾斜试验中至少有1例阳性临床发现时，通过MRI.

检测至少1个预后因素，敏感性为90.2%，特异性为77.4%。

结论：对于10米步行试验、前抽屉倾斜试验中至少有1个阳性临床发现的患者，MRI扫描对预测首发后CAI有价值。需要进一步的前瞻性和大规模的研究来验证。

4.《BioMed Central 》

JCR：Q1；IF：10.66

A systematic review and net meta-analysis of the effects of different warm-up methods on the acute effects of lower limb explosive strength

对不同热身方法对下肢爆发力急性效应的影响进行系统回顾和净荟萃分析

【Abstract】

Objective ： To evaluate the effects of different warm-up methods on the acute effect of lower limb explosive strength with the help of a reticulated meta-analysis system and to track the optimal method.

Methods：R software combined with Stata software, version 13.0, was used to analyse the outcome metrics of the 35 included papers. Mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random effects model.

Results： 1) Static combined with dynamic stretching [MD = 1.80, 95% CI: (0.43, 3.20)] and dynamic stretching [MD = 1.60, 95% CI: (0.67, 2.60)] were significantly better than controls in terms of improving countermovement jump height (cm), and the effect of dynamic stretching was influenced by the duration of stretching (I2 = 80.4%), study population (I2 = 77.2%) and age (I2 = 75.6%) as moderating variables, with the most significant effect size for dynamic stretching time of 7–10min. 2) Only dynamic stretching [MD = -0.08, 95% CI: (-0.15, -0.008)] was significantly better than the control group in terms of improving sprint time (s), while static stretching [MD = 0.07, 95% CI: (0.002, 0.13)] showed a significant, negative effect. 3) No results were available to demonstrate a significant difference between other methods, such as foam axis rolling, and the control group.

Conclusion：The results of this review indicate that static stretching reduced explosive performance, while the 2 warm-up methods, namely dynamic stretching and static combined with dynamic stretching, were able to significantly improve explosive performance, with dynamic stretching being the most stable and moderated by multiple variables and dynamic stretching for 7–10min producing the best explosive performance. In the future, high-quality studies should be added based on strict adherence to test specifications.

【摘要】  

目的：评估不同的热身方法对急性影响下肢爆炸力的影响借助网状元分析系统和跟踪最优方法。

方法：R软件结合Stata软件，版本13.0，被用来分析35篇包含的论文的结果指标。采用随机效应模型汇总平均差异（MD）。

结果： 1)静态结合动态拉伸[MD = 1.80,95% CI：（0.43,3.20）]和动态拉伸[MD = 1.60,95% CI：（0.67,2.60）]明显优于控制改善反运动跳高度（厘米），和动态拉伸的影响受拉伸时间（I<>2=80.4%）、研究人群（I<>2=77.2%）和年龄（I<>2=75.6%）作为调节变量，动态拉伸时间为7-10 min。2)仅动态拉伸[MD = -0.08,95% CI：（-0.15，-0.008）]在改善冲刺时间(s)方面显著优于对照组，而静态拉伸[MD = 0.07,95% CI：（0.002,0.13）]显示出显著的负面影响。3)没有结果表明其他方法，如泡沫轴滚动与对照组之间存在显著差异。

结论：本文结果表明，静态拉伸降低了爆炸性能，而动态拉伸和静态拉伸结合动态拉伸，能够显著提高爆炸性能，动态拉伸最稳定，多变量调节，动态拉伸7-10 min的爆炸性能最好。在未来，应在严格遵守测试规范的基础上增加高质量的研究。

Effect of free-weight vs. machine-based strength training on maximal strength, hypertrophy and jump performance – a systematic review and meta-analysis

自由重量和机器力量训练对最大力量、肥大和跳跃表现的影响-系统回顾和荟萃分析

【Abstract】

Background：The effectiveness of strength training with free-weight vs. machine equipment is heavily debated. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the data on the effect of free-weight versus machine-based strength training on maximal strength, jump height and hypertrophy.

Methods：The review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the systematic search of literature was conducted up to January 1st, 2023. Studies that directly compared free-weight vs. machine-based strength training for a minimum of 6 weeks in adults (18–60 yrs.) were included.

Results：Thirteen studies (outcomes: maximal strength [n = 12], jump performance [n = 5], muscle hypertrophy [n = 5]) with a total sample of 1016 participants (789 men, 219 women) were included. Strength in free-weight tests increased significantly more with free-weight training than with machines (SMD: -0.210, CI: -0.391, -0.029, p = 0.023), while strength in machine-based tests tended to increase more with machine training than with free-weights (SMD: 0.291, CI: -0.017, 0.600, p = 0.064). However, no differences were found between modalities in direct comparison (free-weight strength vs. machine strength) for dynamic strength (SMD: 0.084, CI: -0.106, 0.273, p = 0.387), isometric strength (SMD: -0.079, CI: -0.432, 0.273, p = 0.660), countermovement jump (SMD: -0.209, CI: -0.597, 0.179, p = 0.290) and hypertrophy (SMD: -0.055, CI: -0.397, 0.287, p = 0.751).

Conclusion：No differences were detected in the direct comparison of strength, jump performance and muscle hypertrophy. Current body of evidence indicates that strength changes are specific to the training modality, and the choice between free-weights and machines are down to individual preferences and goals.

【摘要】  

背景：自由重量与机器设备的力量训练的有效性备受争议。因此，本荟萃分析的目的是总结自由体重与机器力量训练对最大力量、跳跃高度和肥大的影响的数据。

方法：综述按照系统回顾和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目进行，系统文献检索至1月1日<补充>，2023。直接研究比较了成年人至少6周的自由体重和机器力量训练。

结果：13项研究（结果：最大力量[=12]，跳跃性能[=5]，肌肉肥大[=5]），共纳入1016名参与者（789名男性，219名女性）。与机器相比，自由重量训练的强度显著增加（SMD：-0.210，CI：-0.391，-0.029，p = 0.023），而与机器训练相比，机器训练的强度增加更多（SMD：0.291，CI：-0.017,0.600，p = 0.064）。然而，在直接比较（SMD：0.084、自由重量强度与机器强度）的动态强度（CI：-0.106,0.206,0.273，p=0.387）、等距强度（SMD：-0.079、CI：-0.432，p=0.660）、0.20.209，CI：-0.597,0-0.055，CI：-0.397,0.397,0.287，p=0.751)方面没有差异。

结论：在力量、跳跃性能和肌肉肥大的直接比较中没有发现差异。目前的证据表明，力量的变化是特定于训练方式，自由重量和机器之间的选择取决于个人偏好和目标。