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In many of the respiratory diseases described in Chapters 27–31, the patient’s respiratory system is often treated with physiotherapy. This is more as part of long-term management, for example, in pulmonary rehabilitation programmes (page 333), but is also a useful part of treatment of acute lung problems, such as in ventilated patients1 and in the postoperative period. Despite extensive involvement of physiotherapists in respiratory care throughout the world, the evidence base for improved clinical outcomes as a direct result of physiotherapy interventions is weak.2There are multiple possible reasons for this, not least of which are a lack of suitable studies, an underappreciation of the placebo effect and the part played by physiotherapy as a component of ‘care bundles’, which overall have beneficial effects.

第27-31章中多种呼吸系统疾病患者通常需物理治疗，物理治疗更多是作为长期管理（例如肺康复，第333页）的组成部分，也是治疗急性肺损伤的有效方法，例如在机械通气和¹手术后。尽管世界各地的物理治疗师广泛参与呼吸治疗，但物理治疗直接改善临床预后的证据仍薄弱²。造成这种情况的原因有多种，尤其是缺乏合适的研究，以及低估安慰剂效应和“综合”治疗所发挥的作用，但物理治疗师总体上是有益的。