主观与客观怎么统一？

Patients with critical tracheal narrowing can exhibit a very tenuous respiratory status with little to no cardiopulmonary reserve. These patients should be first stabilized by securing an airway via endotracheal tube. Intubation in patients with tracheal stenosis can be challenging, especially if the stenotic area is in the subglottic region or upper third of the trachea, as this will impede the proper passage of the endotracheal tube. Thus, airway management of patients with known or suspected tracheal stenosis should be performed by experienced personnel with readily available backup modalities such as fiber-optic intubation, cricothyroidotomy, and tracheostomy. The latter two modalities can be considered if the known or suspected lesion is at or above the level of the subglottis, with inability to safely endotracheally intubate. A laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may be an acceptable choice to bridge to a definitive airway management if the possibility of traumatic intubation is high due to the proximal location of the stenosis without a critical obstruction. Heliox, a mixture of helium (70–80%) and oxygen (20–30%), can be used to decrease the work of breathing in patients with tracheal stenosis while preparing for definitive airway management and stabilization. Helium is an inert gas with significantly lower density compared to nitrogen and oxygen and allows for lower airflow resistance and increased laminar flow of the inhaled gas through the airway lumen. The efficacy of heliox in tracheal stenosis was studied in a pediatric population where more than 70% of pediatric patients with upper airway obstruction had immediate subjective improvement in work of breathing [29].

严重气管狭窄的患者可能表现出非常微弱的呼吸状态，几乎没有心肺储备。这些患者应首先通过气管置管稳定气道稳固病情。气管狭窄患者的置管可能是困难的，尤其是狭窄区域位于声门下区域或气管上三分之一处时，因为这会妨碍气管导管的正确通过。因此，已知或疑似气管狭窄患者的气道管理应由经验丰富的人员以容易获得的备用气道管理方式（如光纤置管、环甲膜切开术和经口造口术）进行。如果已知或疑似的病变位于或高于声门下水平，且无法安全进行气管置管，则可考虑后两种方法。如果狭窄的近端位置无严重阻塞，创伤性气道置管的可能性就很高时，喉罩气道(LMA)可能是桥接到确定性气道管理的可接受选择。氦氧混合气是氦气(70-80%)和氧气(20-30%)的混合物，可用于降低气管狭窄患者的呼吸功，为确定性气道管理和稳定做准备。氦气是一种与氮气和氧气相比密度明显更低的惰性气体，通过气道腔时可有更低的气流阻力和吸入气的层流增加。在儿科人群中研究了氦氧混合气在气管狭窄中的疗效，其中狭窄超过70%的上呼吸道阻塞儿科患者立即出现呼吸功的主观改善[29]。

呼吸功是客观的东西，怎么有主观改善？