cerebral ‘berry’ aneurysms，怎么理解？

Coarctation of the aorta

This condition is associated with other abnormalities, including bicuspid aortic valve and cerebral ‘berry’ aneurysms. It is an important cause of cardiac failure in the newborn, but is often asymptomatic in older children or adults. Headaches may occur from hypertension proximal to the coarctation, and occasionally leg weakness or cramps from decreased distal circulation. The BP is raised in the upper body but normal or low in the legs, with weak, delayed femoral pulses. A systolic murmur is heard posteriorly, over the coarctation. CXR may show an altered contour of the aorta and notching of the under- surfaces of the ribs from collaterals. MRI is the investigation of choice. Surgical correction is advisable in all but the mildest cases. If this is done sufficiently early, persistent hypertension can be avoided, but patients repaired in late childhood or adult life often remain hypertensive. Recurrence of stenosis may be managed by balloon dilatation and stenting, which can also be used as the primary treatment in some cases.

主动脉缩窄

这种情况与其他异常有关，包括二叶主动脉瓣和大脑“浆果样” 动脉瘤。它是新生儿心力衰竭的重要原因，但在较大的儿童或成人中通常无症状。缩窄附近的高血压可能引起头痛，偶尔因远端循环减少导致腿部无力或痉挛。血压在上半身升高，但在腿部正常或较低，股动脉搏动微弱、延迟。缩窄后方可闻及收缩期杂音。CXR 可显示主动脉轮廓改变以及肋骨下表面侧支循环的切迹。核磁共振是首选检查。除了最轻微的病例，建议对所有病例进行手术矫正。如果相应检查和手术足够早，持续性高血压是可以避免的，但若在儿童期晚期或成年期修复，这些患者通常仍有高血压。主动脉缩窄的复发可以通过球囊扩张和支架置入来治疗，在某些情况下，这也可以作为主要的治疗方法。

cerebral ‘berry’ aneurysms，怎么理解？谢谢