orientation啥意思？

The first (atlas) and second (axis) cervical vertebrae are perhaps the most unique spinal segments with a significant portion of forward flexion and rotation occurring at these segments. Characteristics unique to the third to seventh cervical vertebrae are the uncinate processes, transverse foramen, and orientation in the sagittal and transverse planes [15, 16, 36]. An uncinate process is located at the superior lateral edge of the vertebral body where it connects to the transverse process, and the articulation is the joint of Luschka. The transverse processes project laterally with an anterior and caudal tilt. Within the transverse process, the transverse foramen houses the vertebral artery ascending from the sixth to the first cervical vertebrae. The transverse foramen is lateral to the pedicles and medial to the sulcus for the spinal nerves and, descending caudally, becomes more lateral. Anterior disc height is greater than dorsal height, and a slight lordotic curve exists in the cervical spine [15, 16, 36].

第一颈椎(寰椎)和第二颈椎(枢椎)可能是2节最独特的颈椎节段，颈椎的前屈和旋转主要发生在这些节段。第三～第七颈椎特有的特征是矢状面和横断面上的钩突、横突孔和orientation。钩突位于椎体上外侧缘，椎体下面相应部位有呈斜坡样的唇缘，两者构成的关节为Luschka关节。颈椎横突向外侧突出，前部和尾部倾斜。横突孔位于椎弓根外侧和脊神经沟内侧，并在尾侧下降，变得更靠外侧。孔间容纳了从第六颈椎上升到第一颈椎的椎动脉。颈椎间盘腹侧高度大于背侧高度，这样使得颈椎存在轻微前凸曲线^[15,16,36]。