结合案例，一文搞懂SCI论文摘要写作套路

01 案例一 

02 案例二 

03 案例三 

04 案例四 

这四个案例说明，摘要写作是有套路的，笔者将摘要部分总结为四句式（目的—方法—结果—结论）摘要套路，供大家参考。

四句式摘要套路

观察上述四个成功案例的摘要，你就会发现，每个部分的句子数量范围是0.5－4句。下面是笔者总结的四句式摘要写作模板。

01 研究目的（提出问题）0.5－2句 

通常，摘要的研究目的就是引言章节部分的第一段的提炼。

读者总是想要从摘要的第一句话就知道论文研究的重要性，以及研究的目的是什么。因此，摘要的第一部分应该陈述论文要解决的具体问题。此外，研究目标要明确研究范围，即研究是普遍的，还是特定的，以及明确作者的主张或者态度。

02 研究方法（解决方法）0.5－3句

通常，摘要的研究方法就是论文材料和方法materials and methods 章节部分的提炼。

摘要的研究方法应该概述如何完成该项研究，这个需要根据具体的研究学科和研究内容去总结。每个学科和研究都不一样，因此很难给出具体模板！

03 研究结果1－2句

通常，摘要的研究结果就是论文结论results 章节部分的提炼。

摘要的研究结果应该客观地介绍作者的实验或者发现，即从研究中得到了什么答案。

04 研究结论1－4句

通常，摘要的研究结论就是论文结论conclusion章节部分的提炼。

摘要的研究结论应该给出一个总结作为摘要结尾，突出说明发现的意义以及整篇论文的重要性，即研究工作有什么意义。研究结果可以是一般的长度，也可以是非常具体的，这也需要作者根据自己的研究决定。

虽然是四句式，但不一定就是只写四句话。如果你一定要严格遵守这个模板的句子数量，那么就有些刻板了。根据这个摘要模板，摘要的句子数大致为3－11句，字数大约150-350。

摘要的关键是作者对论文正文各个部分的总结和语言组织，模板仅供参考，希望各位读者理性看待模板套路。

上面是摘要写作基本的几个部分，我们开始每个部分的高频词汇词组总结，希望这22项不同类别的总结能给大家的摘要写作添砖加瓦：

第一部分：Background

1. 开头先提某研究方向很“重要”，“重要”的表示方法：

essential, profound impact, fundamental, major, have been intensively studied, have crucial (important) roles, powerful effects, has been a milestone, act as a primary XX, has attracted enormous interest in XX; has recently emerged as a key XX, one of the most common/prevalent/aggressive types of XX (affecting human health), show an important role in XX.

2. 某事很“严重”，所以要研究，“严重”的表示方法：

devastating, prevalent, severely affects, aberrant, abnormal, fatal, variable and unpredictable, rare and frequently aggressive.

3. 疾病的N种表示方法：

disease, disorder, dysfunction, aberrant.

4. 用数字说话，比例的修饰词汇总：

approximately (around) 5%, afflict up to 5% of the world's population, a total of.

第一部分和第二部分之间的连接/转折：

5. “未知”的各种表示方法：

(virtually) unknown, less is known, remains （largely) unknown, elusive, we know little about, unclear, still not well understood, poorly understood, there are few reports on.

6. 转折之后，观点所在，“转折”的表示方法：

but, however, nevertheless, yet, unlike conventional XX, while the results were conflicting and heterogeneous.

7. 如何“聚焦”到本篇文章，“聚焦”的表示方法：

Here, in this/current/the present study, toward this aim, in this work, our/the findings, our aim was to identify XX.

第二部分 Purpose/Objective

8. 研究的事物与其他事物比较/包含：

as compared with/to, consisting of.

9. 研究的主变量与某物相关：

involvement, be involved in; (highly) correlates/be related to, largely uncharacterized, be (closely/strongly/tightly) associated with, linked to, determine the relationship between A and B.

第三部分 Methods (and Materials)

10. 研究包括什么材料，应用了什么方法/处理/条件：

XX was used in/involved in XX; include; XX was treated with/genotyped by XX; Three treatments were applied, conducted, employed, performed, investigated, carried out.

第四部分：Results/Findings

11. 结果“展示”,“表明”, "证实"的表示方法：

postulate, found, show, demonstrate, indicate, suggest, provide direct (indirect)evidence, implicated, reveal, identify, validate, argue, investigate, explore, examined, report, discover, investigate, screen, uncover, detect, test.

12. 论述结果的执行动词：

measure, evaluate, provide an experimental strategy, map, review, observe, visualize, characterize, perform XX analysis, assess, retrieve from, download, select, construct, analyze, perform/ be carried out to, synthesized several sets of public data, preliminary clarify, build, obtain, download.

13. “结果”的多种表示方式：

these results, experimental and modeling data, the present study.

14. 论述结果的层级递进：

also, then, in addition (to), additionally, furthermore, moreover, subsequently, following, finally, (first, second, third), besides.

15. 借助于某某工具：

by means of, applied, use, via, in terms of, done, though, adopt quality criteria to classify the studies of XX analysis, based on, be according to.

16. “关键”结论的关键提示：

notably, be sufficient to, with a focus, intriguingly, interestingly, clearly, importantly.

17. 论述结果的其他高频副词：

respectively, precisely, accurately.

18. 两者之间一方对另一方施加影响，主变量“调控”因变量：

(bidirectionally 双向）(positively)(negatively) regulate, modulate, alter, promote, produce, elevate, reduce, activate, trigger, manipulate, enhance.

19. 主变量对因变量的影响：

lead to, cause, drive, be determined by, owing to, triggered by, resulting in.

第五部分：Conclusions/Interpretation

20. 总结词：

together, in summary, overall, thereby, therefore, collectively, in conclusion, taken together, in total.

21. 结论评价词：

simple, reliable, robust, largely consistent with, effective.

22. 科研要严谨，总结要慎重，下结论一般是各种“可能”：

might, may, possibly, it could be, would, can (“可能性”从左到右依次加强).