满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪

这首诗是红楼梦一书中大家认知度比较高的名句。赏析之余，有两点体会。

【1】杨宪益、戴乃迭有没有仿效霍克斯？

满纸荒唐言， Pages full of fantastic talk

一把辛酸泪！ Penned with bitter tears;

都云作者痴， All men call the author mad,

谁解其中味？ None his message hears.

——杨宪益戴乃迭

满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪，

都云作者痴，谁解其中味？

Pages full of idle words

Penned with hot and bitter tears:

All men call the author fool;

None his secret message hears.

——霍克斯

两个版本的相似性真的比较高。是偶合，还是某种内在联系？据我所知，杨宪益、戴乃迭没谈过是否参考过霍克斯的译本。

【2】penned：名词动用的启发

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“满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪”被译成Pages full of idle words//Penned with hot and bitter tears。这里的penned，没有写成written，这里的penned是名词动用。

医学英语的名词动用的例子：

这段jama文章中的名词动用都用红色粗体表示：

Deploring the verbing of nouns ("the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus has been lesioned"), H. Straus comments ("Virtuous Nouns Verbed," Science 177:1154, 1972): "Whoever allowed a previously respectable noun to be verbed should be violenced.... Good nouns are hard to keep virtuous, and their prostitution should be crimed." But, conceding that the verdict need not always be so harsh, he continues, "In his defense, whoever is responsible might claim that he should not be clubbed, axed, or gunned, as usage has justified similar seductions."

另一个来自于新英格兰医学杂志的例子

……

When Daniel was gunned down while hiding in a bathroomwith his first-grade classmates, my understanding of the pain wroughtby firearm violence shifted froma theoretical concept that all doctorson some level understandto a haunting personal reality.

【3】时下医界的公愤

gun本身是枪支（名词），这里有枪击（动词）的意思。

这也应了时下最令医界愤愤的事，暴力伤医致死。

犯罪就是犯罪，不要混同医疗纠纷！

犯罪就是犯罪，不要混同医疗纠纷！

犯罪就是犯罪，不要混同医疗纠纷！

回到语言学习，刀捅这个词似乎可用knifed

一个名词就是这样变成血淋淋的动词，痛哉，哀哉。