Dermatomyositis （皮肌炎）中的皮疹、太阳和花

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NO.1 大家知道这个clinical sign是什么吗？

Heliotrope sign(向阳疹)：上眼睑（palpebra superior）和眼眶（eye sockets）周围出现的水肿性紫红色斑，可逐渐弥漫地向前额（forehead）、脸颊、耳前（preauricula）、颈部和上胸部（upper breast）呈现“V”字扩展，如同披肩（shawl）样和弥漫性红斑（erythema diffusum）。

NO.2 为什么会有这么一个奇怪的单词形容呢？而中文翻译为“向阳疹”。

Helio – 这个词源是“太阳”的意思。我们中学生物课中学过的一种熟悉的生理现象成为“向阳性”，英文即为heliotropism。宗教中的“太阳崇拜”成为heliolatry (- latry 也是一个重要的词根，意为崇拜，以后会再讲到)。

那么回到heliotrope，如同太阳灼伤的紫红色红斑。

更神奇的是，有一种花成为“向阳花”（见下图）。

延伸:

下面对一段关于太阳崇拜的短文，里面有很多相关的衍生词汇。

Heliolatry——Worship of the sun. 

The combining form helio- comes from the Greek helios, the sun, and is used in English words to mean the sun. For example, heliotherapy (阳光疗法) is a form of medical treatment involving exposure to sunlight. In astronomy, heliocentric （日心说） means regarding the sun as the center of our planetary system, as opposed to geocentric, which refers to the pre-Copernican notion that the Sun revolves around the earth. The fascinating word heliotropism （向阳性） is formed from helio-, the sun, and the greek tropos, a turning. heliotropism refers to the tendency of plants to bend or move toward—or in some cases, away from—a source of light. Our keyword, heliolatry （太阳崇拜）, combines helio-, the sun, with the Greek latreia, meaning “worship.” the corresponding noun is heliolater, a sun worshiper, and the corresponding adjective is heliolatrous, sun-worshiping.

责任编辑：Mr.Q