【交流】Nature Reviews Neuroscience 前任编辑 Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十二讲：“投稿，最后检查”

Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十二讲

Submitting your paper: final checks


投稿：最后检查

Dr. Daniel McGowan
分子神经科学博士


Dr. Daniel McGowan曾任 Nature Reviews Neuroscience 副编辑，负责约稿，管理和撰写期刊内容。于2006年加入理文编辑（Edanz Group） 并从2008年起担任学术总监。Dr. McGowan有超过十年的博士后和研究生阶段实验室研究经验，主要致力于神经退化疾病、分子及细胞生物学、蛋白质生物化学、蛋白质组学和基因组学。

精彩回顾

第一期：Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第一讲： “How to write a world class paper”（标题练习）

第二期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第二讲：“摘要和关键词（附PPT和在线修改）”

第三期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第三讲：“cover letter的练习”

第四期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第四讲：“Nature Reviews Neuroscience 前任编辑帮您修改语言问题”

第五期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第五讲：“如何做好研究设计和预先规划工作。 ”

第六期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第六讲：“如何选择合适的目标期刊？”

第七期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第七讲：“如何撰写规范的IMRaD格式？”

第八期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第八讲：“如何完成一个出色的论文图表？”

第九期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第九讲：“让统计学告诉你的结果意味着什么？”

第十期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十讲：“如何回复审稿意见? ”

第十一期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十一讲：“科研伦理和论文发表道德”

第十二期： Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十二讲：“投稿，最后检查””

编者按：在本帖中，理文编辑学术总监Dr. Daniel McGowan将向大家展示:“投稿：最后检查”



Submitting your paper: final checks
Dr. McGowan论文写作系列第十二讲 — 投稿：最后检查


论文写完之后，要严格自查并/或找一位同事评价一下，再决定投稿期刊。

If you have written your paper, critically self-evaluated it and/or asked a colleague to evaluate it, and believe it to be as scientifically robust and well written as possible, you are ready to submit it to your target journal. You should by now have selected the most appropriate journal for your paper and written a convincing cover letter to the editor. Check that all of the instructions in the target journal’s Guide for Authors are complied with—if any are not, then these should be addressed before the paper is submitted or they could cause delays later on. This includes ensuring that the manuscript and any figure files are saved in the appropriate file format and of the requested resolution.

多数期刊鼓励在线投稿，这通常需要在目标期刊注册一个投稿帐户

Most journals encourage online submission, which usually requires registering with the target journal and setting up a submission account. This is a step-by-step procedure in which details such as full names, departmental addresses, highest degrees awarded and full contact information for all authors, not just the corresponding author, are usually requested. Following registration of an account, the submitting author will be able to upload all relevant files, including manuscript file, cover letter, separate figure files and any supplementary material files, to the journal’s online submission system.

Some journals request submission by post, which requires posting the requested number of identical printed copies of the manuscript along with an electronic copy of all files on a CD. Frequently, each author is required to sign a declaration agreeing to the submission to the journal of a paper bearing their name, although some journals now verify this by e-mail. During the submission process, there might be a requirement to pay any submission costs, although publication costs are not usually requested until after a manuscript is accepted. Any figures or other content that are being reproduced or modified from previously published work will require the appropriate permissions, and these are sometimes requested at the time of submission. If a manuscript is accepted, the copyrights to the manuscript will need to be transferred to the publisher; the relevant forms for copyright transfer are sometimes made available during the submission process.

投稿过程有时允许你推荐或排除潜在的论文审稿人，如何推荐？如何排除？

The submission process sometimes allows you to recommend or exclude potential reviewers of your manuscript. If not, it is usually worthwhile doing so in your cover letter. The journal editors will try to appoint independent experts as reviewers, but will also be aware that many fields are intensely competitive among labs. They will also appreciate that your unpublished data needs to be treated sensitively, and that it might not be appropriate to put that in the hands of a competitor working on the same thing. Thus, it will help them to know who might be a ‘friendly’ reviewer and who might be less friendly. The editors will almost certainly not appoint only the reviewers you suggest and exclude all those you ask to be excluded, but they will use the information you provide to make an objective decision about who should and who should not review your paper.

In choosing who to recommend as a potential peer reviewer, you should consider any researchers whose hypotheses and ideas your work supports; for example, if your work builds on previously published work, extending or confirming the findings of that work, then the senior author(s) on such a study would likely be a good candidate reviewer. A look through your reference list will help you to identify such candidates, and reading their papers closely will give you an idea of whether their thoughts are in line with your own, or perhaps opposed to them. Ideally, recommend senior researchers in the field who have propounded ideas that would be supported by the findings of your study. International collaborators in the same field also represent potential ‘friendly’ reviewers, although if you have previously co-published work with those researchers the journal editors might exclude them for potentially being bias.

Working out who to exclude can be more difficult, but if you know that some other lab is working closely on the same thing, perhaps because you have seen researchers from that lab speak or present a poster at a recent meeting, it would be a good idea to ask the editors to exclude the Principle Investigator of that lab as a candidate reviewer. Also ask the editors to exclude researchers whose hypotheses or ideas are known to run counter to those suggested in your manuscript.

Of course, any reviewers that are appointed will be asked to be completely objective in their assessment of your manuscript. Moreover, the editors will also be able to assess your manuscript to some degree and identify if the points raised by the reviewers are fair or not. If completely polarized reports (for example, one very positive and one very negative) are received, the editors may choose to appoint additional reviewers and delay a decision on your manuscript until they are satisfied with the reports they receive. Ultimately, if you have designed and executed your study well, show something novel and interesting, and written a clear and concise manuscript complying with the instructions for authors, you will have maximized your chances of getting over the final hurdle before acceptance.

请大家注意，尽管理文编辑（Edanz Group）设在中国，Dr. McGowan的母语是英语，因此请各位尽量使用英语交流，这也是一个很好的锻炼机会！

更多精彩内容请下载完整的“Writing for Success”系列培训材料。