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SCI文章写作经典例句—建议置顶，并长期添加 [精华]

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这个帖子发布于7年零259天前，其中的信息可能已发生改变或有所发展。

个人认为，对于大多数写sci的作者，包括小弟在内，poor english是最常被编辑们提出来的问题。找润色公司等等，也需要人民币。因此，小弟将一些经典的英语中的句子，包括描述趋势，描述大小等的句子，放入。。。也希望其他高手们也一起来完善这项工作。这样，以后，我们也可以写出比较地道的句子，而不被别人诟病。以后，每天10句，日积月累下来，大家都可以用。
1、表示与某某研究不同：Our results are seemingly at variance with a previous study that 。。。。（例如：evaluated FDG uptake in irradiated bone marrow and other tissues in rodents ）
2、表示与某某研究相同：。。。are（is）in agreement with the results of previous studies.
原句：The changes in the percentages of neutrophils in this study are in agreement with the results of previous studies.
3、表示某种变化可能是两种机制共同作用。当某种机制占上风时，会导致。。。变化，反之，当另一种机制占优势的时候，会。。。。。要描述这种东西很难。特别是在讨论的概括。因此，用这个句子：
... may be explained by the trade-off between... and .....
原句：The increased FDG uptake observed on day 1 in the irradiated marrow may be explained by the trade-off
between the infiltration of neutrophils and the relatively decreased cellularity.
4、称赞自己的结果如何如何牛，而且还有更深层次的用途：
Our results in... model suggest potential uses for ... in the ....... In a broader sense, they also make a case for using ... to ... other ......
原句：Our results in the EAE model suggest potential uses for [18F]FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and monitoring of other disorders characterized by hyperactive immunity. In a broader sense, they also make a case for using PET to measure other metabolic pathways as functional readouts of immune activation.
5、表明可以用于预测。。。（例如预后，治疗反应等）
Our results demonstrate (or reveal) that .... can ..... and possibly allow early prognostic assessment of ....
原句：Our clinical results demonstrate that FDG-PET imaging can advance noninvasive diagnostic mapping and monitoring of intestinal GVHD and possibly allow early prognostic assessment of GVHD responsiveness to therapy.
6、用于讨论开场白。。
The initial question that motivated our study was to determine whether 。。would prove useful in
原句：The initial question that motivated our study was to determine whether molecular imaging with [ ¹⁸F]-FDG-PET/CT would prove useful in diagnosing radiation-induced haematopoietic injury.
今天先更新到这里。。。。我个人认为这绝对不是抄袭，仅仅只是用一下人家的结构而已。也有人说这样会导致全文的行文等看起来很怪异。但是我个人认为对于那些苦哈哈战友，这种套写不失为一种实用的方法。毕竟很多低分SCI人家的要求仅仅只是能看懂。。。。。。

版主niu-niu留言:
置顶支持，欢迎各位战友积极支持！

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2012-01-03 23:50 浏览 : 105249 回复 : 475

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niu-niu 编辑于 2013-05-27 17:05

• 这个女医生每年救活上百人，持续16年，没有病人和她说谢谢

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FightRheumatism

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woaiyaojing
谢谢兄弟们的捧场，也谢谢孤单的走着大哥，还有版主的意见。特别是孤单的走着大哥，对我英语学习的指导是非常中肯的。。。小弟谨受教。。。。。我这人就是有一毛病，有时候一high了就开始乱来。。。。不知不觉的偏离了这个帖子的主题。。。。。小弟再次重申：这个里面的东西，只能用来应急。。。要想当大哥，还是得要循序渐进，慢慢来。
今天还是继续举例吧。。。。。。今天的主题是一段式前言的好处还有什么时候该用。。。。。。
（仅供参考，欢迎拍砖）
该怎么写前言？去网上一搜，答案不知道有多少。。。。我有一哥们，这兄弟在美国两年了，做药的，写SCI也是把好手。他是这样给我说的“一般大牌教授，写前言，可以写成一段，而作为我们这种菜鸟还有大多数人，都写三段。当时他说这段话是针对我写的2段前言说的。不过后来我发现，其实一段的这种前言也是有其好处的。
根据我个人浅显的理解，三段式前言一般是这样的：第一段，我们研究的主题是xx，目前对xx的研究到了哪一步，第二段：但是这些针对xx的研究多偏重于什么，忽略了什么。。或者说。。。总之，就是一个意思：你们虽然很牛，但是你们的研究还有漏洞，哥们我是专门来补漏的。然后，第三段，therefore，we。。。。。。。。。当然，还有很多大哥不是这样写的，我说的是比较普遍的现象。
然而，这种写法在有时候，会pose dilemma。1，你研究的这个东西，已经是新颖到极点，新颖到无敌，新颖到惊天地泣鬼神，已经是找不到可以借鉴的文献了。或者说研究的很怪，没有文献可以用。像我一兄弟，研究的就是小肠在不同辐射剂量下的能量代谢变化。他硬是找不到文献可以借鉴，好不容易找到一篇类似的用紫外线辐射的，居然是俄文。。。悲剧。。。。还有2、很多时候，你的结果是意外发现的，这个时候，之前的准备就不足了，空有很多有意义的东西，但是不知道该怎么去说。譬如说，我只是举例而已：我们研究佝偻病，当然，不可避免的要提到一个因素：日光照射。但是，我们意外的发现日光照射和大便量，大便次数竟然有相关性。。。。。于是，我们不可避免的面临下列选择：1，把大便的这个东西也写到文章里面。这个就简单了，一句话就ok的事情。2，咱贪心，就想把这个东西挖出来，专门写一篇。好了，现在问题就产生了。。之前的准备工作是针对佝偻病的，那小儿腹泻呢？如果按照上面的三段式写法：佝偻病是xx，目前对佝偻病的研究。。。，但是，佝偻病的研究有。。。漏洞。。。。，没有人发现日照和腹泻的关系？？？这个算什么逻辑？你佝偻病跨越到腹泻？所以，一段式前言就可以用了。。。。我还是举例吧。就是这个例子（虽然有点恶心）。不知道兄弟我有没有跑题。。。。。应该是符合这个帖子的规律的。。。
第一句：Extensive progress has been made in the understanding of mechanisms of 佝偻病。
第二句：不要洋洋洒洒的介绍佝偻病，而是要适可而止的转到腹泻和日照的主题上。。当然，如果你嫌字数太少，可以在第一句和第二句中间加上几句介绍，但是要适可而止。Currently, however, it is difficult to explain why some 佝偻病患儿s always associated with 不明原因的腹泻。
第三句：日照时间 has been shown to be a 关键因素（critical factor） for the morbility and progression of 佝偻病。
第四句： Recent report showes 日光少，怎么怎么样对于佝偻病。。。。。这种多的很。。。这也是论文里面必不可少的”大哥曰“
第五句：来了，戏肉来了：However, few evidences exists concerning the effect of 日照时间on 大便次数，性状，腹泻指数等。这个few evidences exists concerning 。。我喜欢。。。（但是，我还是觉得突兀了。。突然就转到日光和腹泻上），有没有更好的过渡？
第六句：Therefore, to assess the effect of 日照时间 on 腹泻 in 佝偻病患儿, we evaluated the changes of 腹泻 in 佝偻病xx模型 after receiving different 日照时间 over a xx time-course。
如果你觉得字少了，还可以加句废话：By integrating analysis of these indicators, a clear picture was formed to demonstrate the effect of 日照时间 on 腹泻 of 佝偻病患儿.
我的英语太菜，不可能总结出万能公式。因此，我只是想高手出来指导，批驳，甚至完全否定也可以。。至少有提高不是？谢谢了兄弟们。

内容有点多，我再跟一帖吧！
对woaiyaojing战友和积极负责的qjluo版主的内容谈点具体的个人浅见。 医学英语的有些方面仍有争议，因此，以下是一家之言：

第一句：Extensive progress has been made in the understanding of mechanisms of 佝偻病。
或者Over the past ...., much progress has been made in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying rickets .
这两种表达，在这里几乎没有任何作用。同意版主qjluo的意见，应该具体化，即“直奔主题”，谈论与本研究有关的具体性话题。例如 附件Cell一文中第一句话 Despite extensive efforts over the past quarter century, the precise mechanism by which HIV-1 causes progressive depletion of CD4 T cells remains debated.点题作用明显，真样表述很有效果。

第二句：Currently, however, it is difficult to explain why some 佝偻病患儿s always associated with 不明原因的腹泻。
或The currently acquired knowledge, however, may be difficult and insufficient to explain why in some cases this
disease is accompanied by diarrhea of unexplained origin.
1) 佝偻病患儿怎么与腹泻有关？？ 逻辑不对！应该是佝偻病患儿临床出现腹泻症状？？或者腹泻与佝偻病有关？？
2) 声明：表示A 和B有关系，可以说associate A with B，或者用被动形式A be associated with B.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v476/n7361/full/nature10311.html
因此， Diarrhea associates/associated with rickets.是不正确的表达！错在语态的使用！
3)注意：Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries
(the INTERHEART study): case-control study. [Lancet. 2004 Sep 11-17;364(9438):937-52.]
这种情况下 associated with ……是起后置定语的作用，比较常见。
4)当然associated本身也可以作为形容词使用Associated Newspapers [牛津高阶英汉双解词典第6版 P87]
5) associate with someone =to be friendly with someone; to be acquainted with someone socially in a work setting.
We seek to associate with persons like ourselves. I like to associate with interesting people.
http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/associate+with
6) may be difficult and insufficient to explain why in some cases this disease is accompanied by diarrhea of unexplained origin. 这种 may be 不确定的表达尽量少用，而且difficult and insufficient to explain和 of unexplained origin有没有觉得是重复表达？？

第三句：Although sunshine duration has been demonstrated to be a critical factor for the morbidity as well as the progression of rickets and some studies have shown…, little evidence has been obtained to date concerning the impact of this factor on the frequency, appearance of stool and diarrhea index.
a critical factor for the morbidity 是不地道的表达方式，这里的用 for不可取。
google搜索 "critical factor for the morbidity"没有结果，搜索"critical factor for morbidity"仅以一项结果。
建议可以表达为a critical factor Influencing Morbidity and Mortality
[http://www.springerlink.com/content/2fercuenjwqcpqe8/]
a critical factor in maternal morbidity
http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/3213606.html
Age is one of the critical factors affecting the mortality and morbidity rates after open cholecystect- omy for both acute……
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9177662

最后一部分：In the present study, we designed an exploratory investigation of the change of diarrhea with respect to different sunshine duration over a range of ….in one ...rickets model, to evaluate the relationship between sunshine duration and diarrhea in rickets patients.
此处表达有不少问题，这种长句让读者可能很难读懂。
欢迎继续讨论！共同学习！！

Cell. 2010.pdf(5422.47k)

2012-02-02 15:17

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success2009 编辑于 2012-02-03 01:59

• 看到这篇爆文，我困惑了，肾功能不好的人更适合吃豆？

FightRheumatism

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qjluo
这几天因为处理一些事情，一直没能静下心来好好对此段文字进一步修改。

希望感兴趣的站友，在我的基础上进行修改。

这些修改也能给各位战友进行借鉴，只要积极参与，加分不成问题！

积极支持！留贴占位，马上回来…… 版主过奖了……
如何写前言( Introduction)？这个问题很难用几句话就说清楚！或一段或三段或其他。这不仅取决于文章本身，还取决目标杂志上的具体要求等。以下根据博士期间医学写作课程自己整理，一家之言。欢迎指正！

一. 先谈一下关于Introduction写作的理论知识
1.仅以经典的三段式Introduction为例子，一般包括：

1).Background information: What is the research problem or issue?

Why did we start?

What has been reported before ? A mini-review

2).State the importance of the problem and list unanswered issues

Why was this study needed?

What has been unknown or uncertain before ?

3).Rationale for the current study. State your research question or hypothesis

Be sure that readers understand the importance of the study,but don’t overdo it.

Don’t try to show readers that you have read everything.

!!Short, short and short

2.Main Purpose of the Introduction:

1). To provide the basic research problem and the purpose of the present study;

2). To provide the background information and rationale leading to your research.

3.Differences between the Abstract and the Introduction:

The Abstract: a summary of each section of the paper, with one or two sentences devoted to each section;a very concise description of the research problem and its background ;

The Introduction:focus on the statement of the problem and background information that gives its context and importance

4. Recommendations for a good Introduction

1)Make a good impression since your Introduction may be the “first impression”.

2)Be concise with lengths of 1-3 paragraphs or 250-300 words in general.

3)Use present tense while referring to the research problem and the existing knowledge relating to it.

4)Use past tense when discussing what others did in the past or what you did or concluded from the current study.

!Be careful with priority statements like “ For the first time”, because someone may just have published similar findings or may have published them in a journal that you do not read regularly.

5. Important Don’ts

Don’t compare strengths and weaknesses of your study with others.

Don’t put detailed critique of other studies.

Don’t repeat consistently textbook materials that everybody knows.

Don’t write so vague that nobody knows.

Don’t say what the paper does not do.

Don’t impress the readers by summarizing everything gone before.

Don’t use references only to show you’ve done a lot of study.

Don’t use others’ statements without using quotation marks.

Don’t attack previous studies rudely.

Don’t use negative words to criticize previous works

Don’t use “I”. Referees may hate it.

稍后简单谈一下此中文的具体翻译……

2012-02-02 11:38

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success2009 编辑于 2012-02-02 15:18

• 2019年考博经验分享

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woaiyaojing

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今天的主题：忏悔信
关于忏悔信，也是一样的重要。如何很好的回答编辑的问题，也关系者paper的生死存亡。遗憾的是，我的忏悔信在澳大利亚的大哥修改下，彰显了一个事实：我的英语很垃圾。看看原文和修改的句子就知道了。
1，We have retrawed these pictures and added the definition of pathological score in “ Materials and Methods section” according to comment. Pathological changes in these pictures were uniformly presented as numbers.
大哥： Following the reviewer’s suggestion we have now redrawn these pictures to fix this and added the definition of pathological score in the “Materials and Methods” section. Pathological changes in these pictures are now uniformly presented as numbers. 是不是我心理因素？修改后的句子怎么就那么顺眼呢？真希望我能帮越南兄弟修改中文。
2、Pleasepardon our careless error. These errors have been corrected in reviewed manuscript by careful revision. Thanks for the kindness advice from reviewers.
大哥：Apologies for the presentation of the original version. Following the reviewer’s suggestions we have worked to fix these issues in the revised manuscript, reformatted it and also have edited the English expression for clarity by careful revision. We are grateful to the reviewers for the detailed advice.
我的写法还是太过口语化了。。。。。以后要牢记。兄弟们也要牢记。
3、The revised manuscirpt have been edited by a Australian expert. The name were added in “acknowledge section”
大哥：The revised manuscript has now been edited and corrected by an Australian native speaker of English, and this noted in the “acknowledgements” section.
这么简单的句子，大哥都能玩出花活。。。。哎。。。
4、These descriptions were added in “discussion section” to answer the question which was raised by reviewer 2.
These descriptions have now been added in the “discussion” section to address more clearly the question which was raised by the reviewer. 这个address more clearly。。。。算不算神来之笔？？？？写文章，也可以用上啊。。。
总结：：：单纯的模仿，只能应急。。。。。还是要多多揣摩才行。

2012-01-13 22:50

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• 回天乏术时坚决要求抢救新生儿，早干嘛去了？

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