发帖
每发1个新帖
可以获得0.5个丁当奖励
回帖

【drug-news】哈佛研究人员开发出结核疫苗喷雾干燥技术

只看楼主
页码直达：
直达末页

楼主

丁香园荣誉版主

1楼

这个帖子发布于13年零344天前，其中的信息可能已发生改变或有所发展。

Harvard Team Creates Spray Drying Technique for TB Vaccine

02/12/07 -- Bioengineers and public health researchers have developed a novel spray drying method for preserving and delivering the most common tuberculosis (TB) vaccine. The low-cost and scaleable technique offers several potential advantages over conventional freezing procedures, such as greater stability at room temperature and use in needle-free delivery. The spray drying process could one day provide a better approach for vaccination against TB and help prevent the related spread of HIV/AIDS in the developing world.

The research team led by Yun-Ling Wong, a graduate researcher in bioengineering, and David Edwards, Gordon McKay Professor of the Practice of Biomedical Engineering, both at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Barry R. Bloom, Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health and Joan L. and Julius H. Jacobson Professor of Public Health, was sponsored in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The work appeared in the February 13 edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"With the increasing incidence of tuberculosis and drug resistant disease in developing countries due to HIV/AIDS, there is a need for vaccines that are more effective than the present Bacillus Calmette-Gu閞in (BCG) vaccine," said Wong. "An optimal new vaccine would obviate needle injection, not require refrigerated storage, and provide a safe and more consistent degree of protection."

BCG, while the most widely administered childhood vaccine in the world, with 100 million infant administrations annually, is presently dried by freezing-or lyophilization -and delivered by needle injection. The commercial formulation requires refrigerated storage and has shown variable degrees of protection against tuberculosis in different parts of the world. Because of such limitations, public health experts and physicians have long seen a need for alternatives to the traditional BCG vaccine and current treatment strategies.

"The breakthrough for developing the spray drying process involved removing salts and cryoprotectants like glycerol from bacterial suspensions," explains Edwards. "This is counter to conventional thinking: that bacteria be dried in the presence of salts and cryoprotectants. While these substances are generally required for normal storage and freezing protocols, in the case of evaporative drying as occurs in spray drying, salt and cryoprotectants act like knives that press on the bacterial membrane with great force and inactivate the bacteria. By removing these, we managed to save the bacteria and achieve better stability."

The spray drying process developed for the BCG vaccine is similar to the way manufacturers prepare powdered milk. In fact, Edwards' first exposure to the spray drying process occurred when he was working with a spray dryer to produce highly respirable drug aerosols in a food science lab. While spray drying of small and large molecules is common in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, the method has not been commonly used for drying cellular material. Most important, the new technique enables the BCG vaccine, and potentially other bacterial and viral based vaccines, to be dried without the traditional problems associated with standard freezing.

"Unlike traditional freezing techniques, spray drying is lower cost, easily scaleable for manufacturing, and ideal for use in aerosol (needle free) formulations, such as inhalation," says Wong. "Its greater stability at room temperature and viability ultimately could provide a more practical approach for creating and delivering a vaccine throughout the world."

Edwards, an international leader in aerosol drug and vaccine delivery, sees great promise for the advance, which he and his colleagues hope to develop in the next few years for better vaccination approaches for diseases of poverty through the international not-for-profit Medicine in Need (Mend), based in Cambridge, Paris, and Cape Town, South Africa.

"With the emergence of multidrug and extremely drug resistant TB, we hope this breakthrough is one more step to help us develop a stable vaccine to stem the tide of disease," says Bloom. "Better vaccination against TB can go a long way to addressing the current developing world health care crisis, with TB alone presently taking the lives of more than 2 million people a year. And we believe this method could also be used to improve delivery of many other vaccines."

Source: Harvard University

http://www.bio.com/newsfeatures/newsfeatures_research.jhtml?cid=26100028

邀请讨论

搜索

2007-02-13 09:15 浏览 : 885 回复 : 3

投票
收藏
打赏
引用
分享
- 微信扫一扫
- 新浪微博
- 丁香客
- 复制网址
举报
- 广告宣传推广
- 政治敏感、违法虚假信息
- 恶意灌水、重复发帖
- 违规侵权、站友争执
- 附件异常、链接失效
- 其他

• 教育部：今年国家定向培养免费医学生，你会报考吗？——回帖

banquar

丁香园准中级站友

2楼

本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。

2007-02-13 11:04

投票
收藏
打赏
引用
分享
- 微信扫一扫
- 新浪微博
- 丁香客
- 复制网址
举报
- 广告宣传推广
- 政治敏感、违法虚假信息
- 恶意灌水、重复发帖
- 违规侵权、站友争执
- 附件异常、链接失效
- 其他

• 胸闷伴出汗1小时，帮忙诊断一下心电图

banquar

丁香园准中级站友

+1 积分
3楼

初译：
Harvard Team Creates Spray Drying Technique for TB Vaccine
哈佛研究人员开发出结核疫苗喷雾干燥技术
02/12/07 -- Bioengineers and public health researchers have developed a novel spray drying method for preserving and delivering the most common tuberculosis (T vaccine. The low-cost and scaleable technique offers several potential advantages over conventional freezing procedures, such as greater stability at room temperature and use in needle-free delivery. The spray drying process could one day provide a better approach for vaccination against TB and help prevent the related spread of HIV/AIDS in the developing world.
2月12日－生物工程师和公共卫生研究人员已经开发出一项新型喷雾干燥技术，用于最常使用的结核疫苗的保存和接种。这一技术成本低、具备调节性能，优于传统的冷冻技术，其优点包括：提高了疫苗在室温下的稳定性以及免除了使用针筒注射接种的必要性。这一喷雾干燥技术有望优化结核疫苗接种方式，并且有助于遏制HIV/AIDS相关疾病在发展中国家的蔓延趋势。
The research team led by Yun-Ling Wong, a graduate researcher in bioengineering, and David Edwards, Gordon McKay Professor of the Practice of Biomedical Engineering, both at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Barry R. Bloom, Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health and Joan L. and Julius H. Jacobson Professor of Public Health, was sponsored in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The work appeared in the February 13 edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
该研究团队的负责人包括来自哈佛工程和应用科学学院的生物工程学研究生导师王云灵（音译：Yun-Ling Wong）和生物医学工程学教授大卫.爱德华斯，以及哈佛公共卫生学院的主任巴力.R.布鲁、公共卫生教授乔恩.L. 和朱丽亚斯.H.贾科布森。研究资金部分来源于比尔&美林达.盖茨基金会（Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation）。这一研究报告发表于2月13日出版的美国国家科学院院报。
"With the increasing incidence of tuberculosis and drug resistant disease in developing countries due to HIV/AIDS, there is a need for vaccines that are more effective than the present Bacillus Calmette-Gu閞in (BCG) vaccine," said Wong. "An optimal new vaccine would obviate needle injection, not require refrigerated storage, and provide a safe and more consistent degree of protection."
“随着发展中国家对HIV/AIDS控制不力所带来的结核病和耐药疾病发病率的不断上升，有必要开发出比目前使用的卡介苗更有效的疫苗”王说道。“新型的优良疫苗将告别针筒注射的接种方式，不需冷冻，而且免疫保护作用安全持久。”
BCG, while the most widely administered childhood vaccine in the world, with 100 million infant administrations annually, is presently dried by freezing-or lyophilization -and delivered by needle injection. The commercial formulation requires refrigerated storage and has shown variable degrees of protection against tuberculosis in different parts of the world. Because of such limitations, public health experts and physicians have long seen a need for alternatives to the traditional BCG vaccine and current treatment strategies.
卡介苗是世界上使用最为广泛的儿童疫苗，每年有1亿婴儿接种卡介苗，但目前卡介苗都是采用低压冻干法进行干燥，而且接种方式为针筒注射。这一商品化的加工制剂需要采用冷冻储藏的方式才能得以保存，而且产地不同其免疫效果也有差异。因为这些限制因素，很早以前公共卫生专家和内科医生就觉得有必要寻找新型疫苗和接种方式以替代传统的卡介苗及其接种方式。
"The breakthrough for developing the spray drying process involved removing salts and cryoprotectants like glycerol from bacterial suspensions," explains Edwards. "This is counter to conventional thinking: that bacteria be dried in the presence of salts and cryoprotectants. While these substances are generally required for normal storage and freezing protocols, in the case of evaporative drying as occurs in spray drying, salt and cryoprotectants act like knives that press on the bacterial membrane with great force and inactivate the bacteria. By removing these, we managed to save the bacteria and achieve better stability."
“研发喷雾干燥技术的突破口在于如何从细菌悬液中去除盐类和甘油之类的冷冻保护剂,”爱德华斯解释道。“这与使用盐类和冷冻保护剂干燥细菌的传统技术截然相反。通常情况下，盐类和冷冻保护剂在常规储藏和冷冻储藏中不可或缺，但在利用蒸发式烘燥原理的喷雾干燥技术中，使用这些物质，会对细菌膜产生巨大的压榨作用，从而降低了细菌的活性。通过去除这些物质，我们不但设法保留了细菌的活性，而且提高了其稳定性。”
The spray drying process developed for the BCG vaccine is similar to the way manufacturers prepare powdered milk. In fact, Edwards' first exposure to the spray drying process occurred when he was working with a spray dryer to produce highly respirable drug aerosols in a food science lab. While spray drying of small and large molecules is common in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, the method has not been commonly used for drying cellular material. Most important, the new technique enables the BCG vaccine, and potentially other bacterial and viral based vaccines, to be dried without the traditional problems associated with standard freezing.
卡介苗喷雾干燥技术与干奶粉的制备技术相仿。实际上，爱德华斯首次接触喷雾干燥技术可以追溯到他在一个食品科学实验室利用喷雾干燥机制造易吸入性药物喷雾剂的时候。喷雾干燥技术技术经常在食品、化妆品和药品行业中被应用于干燥大、小分子材料，但却很少用于干燥多孔材料。最重要的是，该技术用于干燥卡介苗和其他细菌性或病毒性疫苗时，不会产生常规冷冻时的常见问题。
"Unlike traditional freezing techniques, spray drying is lower cost, easily scaleable for manufacturing, and ideal for use in aerosol (needle free) formulations, such as inhalation," says Wong. "Its greater stability at room temperature and viability ultimately could provide a more practical approach for creating and delivering a vaccine throughout the world."
“与传统的冷冻技术不同，喷雾干燥技术的成本更低，生产调节性高，是应用吸入式气雾剂（免注射）疫苗的理想方式”王说道。“这一技术能够提高疫苗在室温下的稳定性，而且可操作性高，最终将能为世界各国提供更为实用的疫苗研发方法和接种方法。”
Edwards, an international leader in aerosol drug and vaccine delivery, sees great promise for the advance, which he and his colleagues hope to develop in the next few years for better vaccination approaches for diseases of poverty through the international not-for-profit Medicine in Need (Mend), based in Cambridge, Paris, and Cape Town, South Africa.
身为气雾剂药物研究和疫苗接种研究领域的国际前沿研究者，爱德华斯相信这项新技术具有广阔的发展前景。他和同事希望在未来几年完善该技术，以便通过非盈利性国际医疗需求(Mend)组织为贫困国家的人民提供更方便的疫苗接种方式。国际医疗需求(Mend)组织的总部分别设在剑桥、巴黎以及南非的开普敦。
"With the emergence of multidrug and extremely drug resistant TB, we hope this breakthrough is one more step to help us develop a stable vaccine to stem the tide of disease," says Bloom. "Better vaccination against TB can go a long way to addressing the current developing world health care crisis, with TB alone presently taking the lives of more than 2 million people a year. And we believe this method could also be used to improve delivery of many other vaccines."
“随着多药和超耐药性结核的出现，我们希望这一研究突破能成为研究道路上的一块进阶石，有助于我们对稳定型疫苗的研发，从而遏制疾病的传播。”布鲁说道。“目前，在发展中国家，每年单结核病就夺走了超过2百万人的生命，应用更为方便的结核疫苗接种方式化解这一医疗危机，显得任重而道远。我们相信，这项技术的应用也会使得对于其他许多疫苗的接种变得更为方便。”

2007-02-13 18:00

投票
收藏
打赏
引用
分享
- 微信扫一扫
- 新浪微博
- 丁香客
- 复制网址
举报
- 广告宣传推广
- 政治敏感、违法虚假信息
- 恶意灌水、重复发帖
- 违规侵权、站友争执
- 附件异常、链接失效
- 其他

banquar 编辑于 2007-02-13 19:04

• 大家有遇到上手术不让一助写自己名字的情况吗

banquar

丁香园准中级站友

4楼

中文字数：1380
编译投稿：
哈佛研究人员开发出结核疫苗喷雾干燥技术

据一项发表于2月13日出版的美国国家科学院院报的研究，美国生物工程师和公共卫生研究人员已经开发出一项新型喷雾干燥技术，用于最常使用的结核疫苗的保存和接种。这一技术成本低、具备调节性能，优于传统的冷冻技术，其优点包括：提高了疫苗在室温下的稳定性以及免除了使用针筒注射接种的必要性。这一喷雾干燥技术有望优化结核疫苗接种方式，并且有助于遏制HIV/AIDS相关疾病在发展中国家的蔓延趋势。

该研究团队的负责人包括来自哈佛工程和应用科学学院的生物工程学研究生导师王云灵（音译：Yun-Ling Wong）和生物医学工程学教授大卫.爱德华斯，以及哈佛公共卫生学院的主任巴力.R.布鲁、公共卫生教授乔恩.L. 和朱丽亚斯.H.贾科布森。研究资金部分来源于比尔&美林达.盖茨基金会（Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation）。

“随着发展中国家对HIV/AIDS控制不力所带来的结核病和耐药疾病发病率的不断上升，有必要开发出比目前使用的卡介苗更有效的疫苗”王说道。“新型的优良疫苗将告别针筒注射的接种方式，不需冷冻，而且免疫保护作用安全持久。”

卡介苗是世界上使用最为广泛的儿童疫苗，每年有1亿婴儿接种卡介苗，但目前卡介苗都是采用低压冻干法进行干燥，而且接种方式为针筒注射。这一商品化的加工制剂需要采用冷冻储藏的方式才能得以保存，而且产地不同其免疫效果也有差异。因为这些限制因素，很早以前公共卫生专家和内科医生就觉得有必要寻找新型疫苗和接种方式以替代传统的卡介苗及其接种方式。

“研发喷雾干燥技术的突破口在于如何从细菌悬液中去除盐类和甘油之类的冷冻保护剂,”爱德华斯解释道。“这与使用盐类和冷冻保护剂干燥细菌的传统技术截然相反。通常情况下，盐类和冷冻保护剂在常规储藏和冷冻储藏中不可或缺，但在利用蒸发式烘燥原理的喷雾干燥技术中，使用这些物质，会对细菌膜产生巨大的压榨作用，从而降低了细菌的活性。通过去除这些物质，我们不但设法保留了细菌的活性，而且提高了其稳定性。”

卡介苗喷雾干燥技术与干奶粉的制备技术相仿。实际上，爱德华斯首次接触喷雾干燥技术可以追溯到他在一个食品科学实验室利用喷雾干燥机制造易吸入性药物喷雾剂的时候。喷雾干燥技术技术经常在食品、化妆品和药品行业中被应用于干燥大、小分子材料，但却很少用于干燥多孔材料。最重要的是，该技术用于干燥卡介苗和其他细菌性或病毒性疫苗时，不会产生常规冷冻时的常见问题。

“与传统的冷冻技术不同，喷雾干燥技术的成本更低，生产调节性高，是应用吸入式气雾剂（免注射）疫苗的理想方式”王说道。“这一技术能够提高疫苗在室温下的稳定性，而且可操作性高，最终将能为世界各国提供更为实用的疫苗研发方法和接种方法。”

身为气雾剂药物研究和疫苗接种研究领域的国际前沿研究者，爱德华斯相信这项新技术具有广阔的发展前景。他和同事希望在未来几年完善该技术，以便通过非盈利性国际医疗需求(Mend)组织为贫困国家的人民提供更方便的疫苗接种方式。国际医疗需求(Mend)组织的总部分别设在剑桥、巴黎以及南非的开普敦。

“随着多药和超耐药性结核的出现，我们希望这一研究突破能成为研究道路上的一块进阶石，有助于我们对稳定型疫苗的研发，从而遏制疾病的传播。”布鲁说道。“目前，在发展中国家，每年单结核病就夺走了超过2百万人的生命，应用更为方便的结核疫苗接种方式化解这一医疗危机，显得任重而道远。我们相信，这项技术的应用也会使得对于其他许多疫苗的接种变得更为方便。”

2007-02-13 18:00

投票
收藏
打赏
引用
分享
- 微信扫一扫
- 新浪微博
- 丁香客
- 复制网址
举报
- 广告宣传推广
- 政治敏感、违法虚假信息
- 恶意灌水、重复发帖
- 违规侵权、站友争执
- 附件异常、链接失效
- 其他

banquar 编辑于 2007-02-13 19:05

• 每天鼻塞流涕，一年四季“感冒”，这是为什么呢

科技动态

【drug-news】哈佛研究人员开发出结核疫苗喷雾干燥技术

提示

丁香园旗下网站

关于丁香园

官方链接

科技动态

分享到：

微信扫一扫

【drug-news】哈佛研究人员开发出结核疫苗喷雾干燥技术

微信扫一扫

微信扫一扫

微信扫一扫

微信扫一扫

提示

丁香园旗下网站

关于丁香园

官方链接